Suchergebnisse

Con il presente contributo l'A. si sofferma su un tema di assoluta centralità nel settore finanziario, del tutto trasversale alle sue singole componenti, cioè la conclusione di polizze assicurative abbinate a contratti di mutuo e di finanziamento e all'obbligo del rimborso in caso di estinzione anticipata del finanziamento. Lo scritto si struttura in due parti, di cui la prima si esaurisce in una breve panoramica sul funzionamento dei meccanismi negoziali che stanno alla base dei PPI (Payment Protection Insurance), seguita da un preciso passaggio in cui vengono ricordati i presidi normativi, primari e secondari, predisposti dal legislatore per questo tipo di polizze e che riguardano più aspetti ad esse ricollegabili: dalla disciplina sul conflitto di interessi della banca finanziatrice del mutuo e distributrice della polizza, alle condizioni contrattuali di natura vessatoria imposte dall'ente di credito, al piano della trasparenza del contratto, fino alla regolamentazione dei costi relativi ai servizi accessori. A conclusione di questa panoramica si colloca un breve intermezzo sull'obbligatorietà delle polizze in esame in caso di finanziamento mediante cessione del quinto, come previsto dalle disposizioni del d.p.r. 180/1950. Come ricordato, vi è poi una seconda parte dello scritto che ha ad oggetto il rimborso della quota parte del premio non goduto. In particolare l'A. si interroga su come l'ottenimento del premio anticipato possa coordinarsi con le successive vicende del contratto di finanziamento. Primariamente il cliente che si avvale della facoltà di rimborsare l'importo dovuto ha diritto ad una riduzione del costo totale del credito e, nel caso in cui il debitore – assicurato non abbia interesse allo scioglimento del contratto assicurativo potrà domandare all'impresa il mantenimento della copertura, fino alla scadenza contrattuale, a favore del nuovo beneficiario da lui designato. L'articolo si conclude con un accenno alla giurisprudenza arbitrale che, nella totalità dei casi, statuisce come l'estinzione anticipata del finanziamento comporti la cessazione del rischio, lo scioglimento del contratto assicurativo e la restituzione al debitore della parte di premio riferibile al periodo residuo

Bei allen Bemühungen um Inklusion im Bildungsbereich sind Universitäten derzeit in Europa sehr selten ein Bildungsraum, der Menschen mit Lernschwierigkeiten Studienangebote ermöglicht. Das Trinity College Dublin hat hier für Irland und Europa eine Vorreiterrolle. Im zweijährigen ASIAP Programm studieren derzeit insgesamt 20 Studierende mit Lernschwierigkeiten. Am hier beschriebenen partizipativen Unterrichtsund Forschungsprojekt sind 10 Studierende des zweiten Semesters des Programms beteiligt. Dabei wird die Verbindung der zwei zentralen Ebenen A) Inhalt und B) methodischer Ansatz, inklusiv und partizipativ im Forschungssetting Photovoice erlebbar gemacht. A) Inhaltlich soll das Thema Menschenrechte, genauer das Recht auf Bildung (u. a. Art. 24 UN-BRK) bearbeitet werden. Dem Zugang wird das Verständnis von Menschenrechtsbildung (Reitz, 2020) zugrunde gelegt. Dabei ist es nicht ausreichend, über Menschenrechte nur theoretisch zu lernen, sondern es geht vielmehr darum, Praktiken des Handelns zu erleben und weiterzuentwickeln. B) Methodisch (und methodologisch) liegt die Ausrichtung der Projektabläufe auf Teilhabe und Mitbestimmung. Die leitende Forschungsfrage konzentriert sich darauf, wie Menschen mit Lernschwierigkeiten die Bildungsinstitution Universität erleben. Dieser Beitrag gibt vor allem Einblick, wie partizipative Prozesse des Verstehens im Projekt theoretisch und methodisch angelegt wurden. Zu den Ergebnissen aus den vertieften Analysen zu weiteren Forschungsfragen wird ein kurzer Überblick gegeben.

Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the concentration of microplastics (MPs) in seawaters is essential to implement monitoring programs and understand the impacts on ecosystems, as required by the European legislation to protect the marine environment. In this context, the purpose of this study is to investigate the composition, quantity, and spatial distribution of microplastics from coastal to offshore areas in three Italian seawaters. In addition, the distribution of microplastics between surface and subsurface water layers was analyzed in order to better understand the dynamics of MPs in the upper layers of the water column. A total number of 6069 MPs (mean total concentration of 0.029 microplastics · m−2) were found to be heterogeneous in type, shape, and color. In general, MPs concentrations decrease with coastal distance, except when environmental forcings are predominant (such as sea currents). Moreover, the amount of surface MPs was almost four times that of subsurface microplastics, which consisted mostly of fibers. In light of these results, it becomes clear how critical it is to plan remediation actions and programs to minimize microplastic accumulations in the sea.

The following protocol is intended to respond to the requirements set by the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directives (MSFD) for the D10C3 Criteria reported in the Commission Decision (EU), related to the amount of litter ingested by marine animals. Standardized methodologies for extracting litter items ingested from dead sea turtles along with guidelines on data analysis are provided. The protocol starts with the collection of dead sea turtles and classification of samples according to the decomposition status. Turtle necropsy must be performed in authorized centers and the protocol described here explains the best procedure for gastrointestinal (GI) tract isolation. The three parts of the GI (esophagus, stomach, intestine) should be separated, opened lengthways and contents filtered using a 1 mm mesh sieve. The article describes the classification and quantification of ingested litter, classifying GI contents into seven different categories of marine litter and two categories of natural remains. The quantity of ingested litter should be reported as total dry mass (weight in grams, with two decimal places) and abundance (number of items). The protocol proposes two possible scenarios to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES). First: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having Y g or more plastic in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region", where Y is the average weight of plastic ingested and X% is the percentage of sea turtles with more weight (in grams) of plastic than Y. The second one, which considers the food remain versus plastic as a proxy of individual health, is: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having more weight of plastic (in grams) than food remains in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region". © 2019 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.

The following protocol is intended to respond to the requirements set by the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directives (MSFD) for the D10C3 Criteria reported in the Commission Decision (EU), related to the amount of litter ingested by marine animals. Standardized methodologies for extracting litter items ingested from dead sea turtles along with guidelines on data analysis are provided. The protocol starts with the collection of dead sea turtles and classification of samples according to the decomposition status. Turtle necropsy must be performed in authorized centers and the protocol described here explains the best procedure for gastrointestinal (GI) tract isolation. The three parts of the GI (esophagus, stomach, intestine) should be separated, opened lengthways and contents filtered using a 1 mm mesh sieve. The article describes the classification and quantification of ingested litter, classifying GI contents into seven different categories of marine litter and two categories of natural remains. The quantity of ingested litter should be reported as total dry mass (weight in grams, with two decimal places) and abundance (number of items). The protocol proposes two possible scenarios to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES). First: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having Y g or more plastic in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region", where Y is the average weight of plastic ingested and X% is the percentage of sea turtles with more weight (in grams) of plastic than Y. The second one, which considers the food remain versus plastic as a proxy of individual health, is: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having more weight of plastic (in grams) than food remains in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region". ; C1 [Matiddi, Marco; Silvestri, Cecilia; Piermarini, Raffaella; Daffina, Roberto; Pisapia, Marco; Genta, Daniela] Italian Natl Inst Environm Protect & Res ISPRA, Rome, Italy. ; [deLucia, Giuseppe A.; Camedda, Andrea] Inst Coastal Marine Environm Natl Res Council IAM, Rome, Italy. ; [Darmon, Gaelle; Gambaiani, Delphine; Miaud, Claude] Univ P Valery, PSL Res Univ, UMR 5175 CE3FE,EPHE, CNRS,UM,IRD,INRA,SupAgro,Biogeog & Ecol Vertebras, Montpellier, France. ; [Tomas, Jesus; Revuelta, Ohiana] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Valencia, Spain. ; [Pham, Christopher K.; Vandeperre, Frederic; Rodriguez, Yasmina] Univ Acores, Dept Oceanog & Pescas, Inst Mar Okeanos, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. ; [Vandeperre, Frederic] Univ Acores, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. ; [Claro, Francoise; Moussier, Judicaelle] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Paris, France. ; [Kaska, Yakup; Sozbilen, Dogan] Pamukkale Univ, Sea Turtle Res & Applicat Ctr DEKAMER, Pamukkale, Turkey. ; [Kaberi, Helen; Tsangaris, Catherine] Hellenic Ctr Marine Res, Inst Oceanografy, Anavyssos, Greece. ; [Bradai, Mohamed N.; Chaieb, Olfa] INSTM, Salammbo, Tunisia. ; [Loza, Ana L.] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain.

The following protocol is intended to respond to the requirements set by the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directives (MSFD) for the D10C3 Criteria reported in the Commission Decision (EU), related to the amount of litter ingested by marine animals. Standardized methodologies for extracting litter items ingested from dead sea turtles along with guidelines on data analysis are provided. The protocol starts with the collection of dead sea turtles and classification of samples according to the decomposition status. Turtle necropsy must be performed in authorized centers and the protocol described here explains the best procedure for gastrointestinal (GI) tract isolation. The three parts of the GI (esophagus, stomach, intestine) should be separated, opened lengthways and contents filtered using a 1 mm mesh sieve. The article describes the classification and quantification of ingested litter, classifying GI contents into seven different categories of marine litter and two categories of natural remains. The quantity of ingested litter should be reported as total dry mass (weight in grams, with two decimal places) and abundance (number of items). The protocol proposes two possible scenarios to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES). First: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having Y g or more plastic in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region", where Y is the average weight of plastic ingested and X% is the percentage of sea turtles with more weight (in grams) of plastic than Y. The second one, which considers the food remain versus plastic as a proxy of individual health, is: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having more weight of plastic (in grams) than food remains in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region". ; C1 [Matiddi, Marco; Silvestri, Cecilia; Piermarini, Raffaella; Daffina, Roberto; Pisapia, Marco; Genta, Daniela] Italian Natl Inst Environm Protect & Res ISPRA, Rome, Italy. ; [deLucia, Giuseppe A.; Camedda, Andrea] Inst Coastal Marine Environm Natl Res Council IAM, Rome, Italy. ; [Darmon, Gaelle; Gambaiani, Delphine; Miaud, Claude] Univ P Valery, PSL Res Univ, UMR 5175 CE3FE,EPHE, CNRS,UM,IRD,INRA,SupAgro,Biogeog & Ecol Vertebras, Montpellier, France. ; [Tomas, Jesus; Revuelta, Ohiana] Univ Valencia, Cavanilles Inst Biodivers & Evolutionary Biol, Valencia, Spain. ; [Pham, Christopher K.; Vandeperre, Frederic; Rodriguez, Yasmina] Univ Acores, Dept Oceanog & Pescas, Inst Mar Okeanos, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. ; [Vandeperre, Frederic] Univ Acores, MARE Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. ; [Claro, Francoise; Moussier, Judicaelle] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Paris, France. ; [Kaska, Yakup; Sozbilen, Dogan] Pamukkale Univ, Sea Turtle Res & Applicat Ctr DEKAMER, Pamukkale, Turkey. ; [Kaberi, Helen; Tsangaris, Catherine] Hellenic Ctr Marine Res, Inst Oceanografy, Anavyssos, Greece. ; [Bradai, Mohamed N.; Chaieb, Olfa] INSTM, Salammbo, Tunisia. ; [Loza, Ana L.] Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain.

The following protocol is intended to respond to the requirements set by the European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directives (MSFD) for the D10C3 Criteria reported in the Commission Decision (EU), related to the amount of litter ingested by marine animals. Standardized methodologies for extracting litter items ingested from dead sea turtles along with guidelines on data analysis are provided. The protocol starts with the collection of dead sea turtles and classification of samples according to the decomposition status. Turtle necropsy must be performed in authorized centers and the protocol described here explains the best procedure for gastrointestinal (GI) tract isolation. The three parts of the GI (esophagus, stomach, intestine) should be separated, opened lengthways and contents filtered using a 1 mm mesh sieve. The article describes the classification and quantification of ingested litter, classifying GI contents into seven different categories of marine litter and two categories of natural remains. The quantity of ingested litter should be reported as total dry mass (weight in grams, with two decimal places) and abundance (number of items). The protocol proposes two possible scenarios to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES). First: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having Y g or more plastic in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region", where Y is the average weight of plastic ingested and X% is the percentage of sea turtles with more weight (in grams) of plastic than Y. The second one, which considers the food remain versus plastic as a proxy of individual health, is: "There should be less than X% of sea turtles having more weight of plastic (in grams) than food remains in the GI in samples of 50-100 dead turtles from each sub-region".