Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Acknowledgments to the Reviewers -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Thinking the Future from Now -- 1.1 Why a Book on the Alboran Sea? -- 1.2 Thinking the Future from Now -- 1.2.1 Oceanographic, Geological, and Ecological Contexts -- 1.2.2 Biodiversity and Ecosystems Distribution -- 1.2.3 Fisheries Resources and Aquaculture -- 1.2.4 Conservation, Management, and Marine Policies -- 1.3 The Future We Wish: Final Remarks -- References -- Chapter 2: Regional Context and Maritime Governance -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Political Geography of the Region -- 2.2.1 The Regional Context -- 2.2.2 Countries and Territories: Geopolitical and Socio-economic Information -- 2.2.3 The Alboran Sea and the Maritime Economy -- 2.3 Alboran Sea: Law of the Sea and Jurisdictional Issues -- 2.3.1 The Alboran Sea in the Context of UNCLOS -- 2.3.2 States and Their Maritime Jurisdictions -- 2.3.2.1 Moroccan Legislation -- 2.3.2.2 Spanish Legislation -- 2.3.2.3 Algerian Legislation -- 2.3.2.4 Gibraltar Legislation -- 2.3.3 Maritime Borders and Disputes -- 2.4 Maritime Governance and Cross-Border Cooperation -- 2.4.1 Background -- 2.4.2 Legal-Institutional Framework -- References -- Legal Documents -- Chapter 3: Alboran Sea Area Climate and Weather -- 3.1 The Climate of the Alboran Area -- 3.1.1 Precipitation -- 3.1.2 Winds -- 3.1.3 Aerosols -- 3.1.4 Temperature -- 3.1.5 Climate Trends and Climate Change -- 3.2 Large Scale and Synoptic Systems in the North Atlantic-European Sector -- 3.2.1 Large-Scale Circulation -- 3.2.2 Synoptic Systems -- 3.2.3 Mediterranean Cyclones -- 3.2.4 Euro-Atlantic Weather Regimes -- References -- Chapter 4: The Oceanographic and Climatic Context -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Climatic Forcing, Water Mass Formation Processes and Thermohaline Circulation in the Mediterranean Sea -- 4.3 Water Masses in the Alboran Sea.

This study summarizes nearly 20 years (1997-2015) of tracking strandings of sea turtles along the Andalusian coast. In this period 2495 specimens were recorded, most of them loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta (92.6%) and leatherback turtles Demochelys coriacea (7.1%). Two other species were almost insinificant, green turtle Chelonia mydas (0.2%) and Kemp's ridley Lepidochelys kempi (0.1%). Significant part of the turtles were recorded in the Atlantic coast, although in this area the incidence of alive specimens was low. Spring and summer were the seasons with more specimens stranded, probably related to warmer and more productive waters. The size of the loggerhead turtles observed highlights an important presence of inmature specimens in Andalusian waters, although mature individuals were not rare. In the case of leatherback turtles, adult stage is the only detected in the specimens recorded.These results, combined with the fact that the Atlantic coast has a large continental shelf and a high primary productivity near the coast, suggesting that the gulf of Cádiz may represent a neritic habitat used by the sea turtles. In this case, new and more effective politics of conservation are needed in order to protect sea turtles in this area.

The available information regarding the 2 sea turtle species breeding in the Mediterranean (loggerhead turtle Caretta caretta and green turtle Chelonia mydas) is reviewed, including biometrics and morphology, identification of breeding and foraging areas, ecology and behaviour, abundance and trends, population structure and dynamics, anthropogenic threats and conservation measures. Although a large body of knowledge has been generated, research efforts have been inconsistently allocated across geographic areas, species and topics. Significant gaps still exist, ranging from the most fundamental aspects, such as the distribution of major nesting sites and the total number of clutches laid annually in the region, to more specific topics like age at maturity, survival rates and behavioural ecology, especially for certain areas (e.g. south-eastern Mediterranean). These gaps are particularly marked for the green turtle. The recent positive trends of nest counts at some nesting sites may be the result of the cessation of past exploitation and decades of conservation measures on land, both in the form of national regulations and of continued active protection of clutches. Therefore, the current status should be considered as dependent on such ongoing conservation efforts. Mitigation of incidental catch in fisheries, the main anthropogenic threat at sea, is still in its infancy. From the analysis of the present status a comprehensive list of re search and conservation priorities is proposed. ; C.C. is supported by the project CTM2013-48163 of the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitivity. The Cyprus Wildlife Society (CWS) acknowledges the financial support of the Department of Fisheries and Marine Research of the Government to the CWS for the implementation of the Turtle Conservation Project in the period 2010−2016 and for all its assistance to the Society in previous years. J.T. is supported by project Prometeo II (2015-018) of the Generalitat Valenciana and projects MEDSEALITTER-INTERREG and INDICIT of the European Union. ; Peer Reviewed