Suchergebnisse

Le misure di accoglienza dei richiedenti asilo e rifugiati, così come disegnate nel d.lgs. 142/2015, implicano un elevato grado di cooperazione tra i livelli di governo. La realtà mostra invece tensioni tra il governo centrale, che punta a dare attuazione ad una distribuzione dei profughi nei vari territori, e una parte dei comuni che cercano di resistere a questa imposizione. Anche le relazioni tra attori pubblici e privati a livello locale non è sempre improntata alla cooperazione e si caratterizza per un'elevata complessità di configurazioni riconducibile alle caratteristiche e al posizionamento degli attori della società civile riguardo all'accoglienza dei profughi e alle misure di policy promosse dai governi locali. Il saggio analizza le dinamiche di governance multilivello nel caso specifico delle politiche di ricezione dei richiedenti asilo e rifugiati dopo la cosiddetta "crisi dei rifugiati" e dopo le novità peggiorative portate dall'entrata in vigore del Decreto Salvini (n.113/2018).

AbstractFollowing the outbreak of the war in Ukraine and the arrival of 170,000 refugees, the already fragile Italian refugee system was forced to undergo major re‐structuring and expansion. Re‐organisation included the adoption of partially new multi‐level governance relationships, as well as political instruments. Despite the widespread positive attitude of public opinion toward the Ukrainian refugees and the bipartisan support for their reception, the outcome of the policy has been not in line with the goals the proponents set out to achieve. In fact, there have been delays, poor assistance to those who have offered to host, and, in the end, a partial waste of the economic and human resources which were devoted to the reception itself. The purpose of this article is to investigate the origin and development of the "vices" of this process, departing from the interpretive lens on policy and governance failure. Our findings consolidate the theoretical challenge to the reductive binary rhetoric on success and failure, and the classic view of failure confined to formulation and implementation. In addition, the article shows that multi‐level governance dynamics are strongly relevant in explaining the "vices" of policies, particularly highlighting the role, until now largely disregarded, of the latent conflicts between the actors involved. The study has benefited from 38 semi‐structured interviews with political actors, including third‐party organisations and public actors, the analysis of political documents, and local and national media.

AbstractInnovative practices based on the involvement of citizens as co-producers of welfare local services have been increasingly adopted by the public sector to effectively tackle emerging social problems. Despite the development in the literature on this subject, recent studies still do not clearly indicate which are the challenges for the institutionalization of such practices. By applying a governance lens to the analysis of co-production of local public services, this article aims to contribute to bridging this gap through the empirical analysis of the childcare experience in four European cities. More in detail, it debates the concepts of co-production and innovation in public service delivery within the context of the different waves of public administration reforms; and it investigates how three different sets of conditions – namely, state support and capacity; organizational cultures which support innovation; and integration with facilitative technologies – integrate to facilitate or hinder the institutionalization of co-production initiatives. The findings show that the enabling role of the state actor is a sine qua non to guarantee an institutionalization of these practices, particularly concerning the promotion of trust-building processes. Doing so, the article contributes to the international debate about the possible co-existing of the paradigms of public administration that are arising in the last decades to remedy the problems with the New Public Management; and it provides professionals working in public management and administration with key policy recommendations for the elaboration of new governance systems for the provision of social and welfare services.

The reception of asylum seekers in Italy has become an increasingly contentious issue: many actors, public and private, are involved at various levels of government, and cooperative behaviour cannot be taken for granted. The multi-level governance approach sheds light on the possible patterns in vertical relations, while it does not effectively explore the horizontal relations, which are however crucial, especially at the local level. Moreover, we argue that the definition of multilevel governance as negotiated order among public and non-public actors is too rigid and normative. Local policies of reception are instead a playing field where different actors come together with different interests, values and frames. This paper discusses the implementation of asylum seekers' reception in Italy, looking at both the multilevel and the horizontal dynamics, and it uses the concept of 'battleground' in order better to grasp the complexities of the interaction between actors. The article discloses conflicting and competing frames between different tiers of governance, since municipalities try to resist government imposition related to asylum seekers' reception in their areas. As for the horizontal dynamics, this paper argues that four possible patterns emerge in the relation between state and state actors: a) closure vs. civil society activism; b) tolerance; c) institutional activism vs. anti-immigrant mobilizations; d) cooperation. Overall, the paper aims at addressing the limits of the MLG approach by means of a conceptual tool (the "battleground") which yields a more vivid understanding of implementation dynamics.

Le présent article contribue au débat sur le « virage vers la gouvernance locale » en examinant un contexte d'immigration récente tel que l'Italie. Nous analysons les politiques d'intégration et les processus de gouvernance dans trois régions : la Lombardie, le Piémont et l'Émilie-Romagne. Notre but est de mieux comprendre les relations de gouvernance à niveaux multiples (GNM) qui déterminent les politiques d'intégration des immigrants en prenant en considération les interdépendances des dimensions verticale et horizontale de la GNM. L'analyse met en lumière l'émergence de différents modes de GNM et souligne l'importance des facteurs institutionnels et organisationnels dans la différenciation locale. Il apparaît que les traditions générales et les relations établies entre le secteur public et les ONG dans le domaine des politiques sociales, l'organisation interne de l'administration régionale (avec le personnel spécialisé par opposition à l'appareil bureaucratique général) et le rôle de l'idéologie ont une influence sur le cours des choses. Nous analysons les implications de cette analyse pour les recherches sur la GNM et insistons sur la nécessité d'adopter une approche théorique de niveau moyen. Remarques à l'intention des praticiens Les chercheurs en politique considèrent la GNM comme une approche prometteuse pour comprendre les processus d'élaboration des politiques de plus en plus complexes, qui supposent des interactions entre différents niveaux de gouvernement et entre des acteurs publics et non publics. Dans le présent article, nous nous intéressons à la question délicate au niveau politique de l'intégration des immigrants pour mettre en lumière la manière dont les relations de GNM prennent forme concrètement au niveau régional en Italie, des relations dans lesquelles certains facteurs expliquent la différenciation régionale. Notre étude indique que les facteurs contextuels et organisationnels sont particulièrement pertinents, à savoir les traditions en matière de politique sociale, l'organisation interne des régions et les attitudes des différents agents de l'État. Il n'en reste pas moins que les aspects politiques doivent eux aussi être pris en considération.