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We aim to bring to discussion the waste. We try to speak about the rubbish and not only at the end of the life of the product, even before it being, from the source, including product design, use of these, the consumption, how to get rid of them, the citizens as well as the specialist companies, recycling and reuse, technician, designer and politician. We could not miss the legislation from the different governments; it is one of the most significant parts of this quiz because here come together the different social actors and their proposals but also because it is the way to point it out so the human being, as the at the moment triumphant and the environment as the patient, can survive with great difficulty, and the most important it does not collapse in the short term because nobody want to have in their back yard the waste of the others other because in the long run this waste has a so "long life" that our legacy will be unbearable for the next generations. The society has to intervene without delaying tactics; otherwise this starts soon to smell horrible. ; Se pretende traer a discusión la basura, los residuos, no sólo en su etapa final sino precisamente también antes de serlo, desde el origen, incluido el diseño de los productos, el consumo de éstos, la forma de deshacernos de ellos, así como el reciclaje y la reutilización por parte de los propios consumidores y empresas especializadas, técnicos, creadores y políticos. La legislación, promovida por las distintas administraciones, es otro elemento muy relevante al escuchar a los distintos actores sociales y sus demandas pero también al ir marcando la ruta a seguir para que el ser humano, como triunfador del momento, y el medio ambiente, como paciente, puedan sobrevivir a duras penas y, lo más importante, no se produzca un colapso a corto plazo porque nadie quiera soportar los desperdicios del resto o, a la larga, porque esos desperdicios tienen una vida tan prolongada que dejamos una herencia insoportable para próximas generaciones. La sociedad tiene que tomar cartas en el asunto sin tácticas dilatorias pues esto comienza a oler mal.

Abstract Background Wildlife radio tracking has gained popularity during the recent past. Ecologists and conservationists use radio-collars for different purposes: animal movement monitoring, home range, productivity, population estimation, behaviour, habitat use, survival, and predator-prey interaction, among others. The aim of our present study is to highlight the application of radio-collars for wildlife diseases monitoring. The spread of wildlife diseases and the efficacy of management actions for controlling them propose serious challenges for ecologists and conservationists, since it is difficult to re-capture (or simply observe) the same animal in pre-determined temporal interval, but such difficulty is overcome by the use of gps-gsm radio collars. Methods In the present study we report, for the first time to our knowledge, the use of radio-collars in the monitoring of Iberian ibex affected by Sarcoptes scabiei in Sierra Nevada mountain range, Spain. Twenty-five moderate or slightly mangy animals were radio-collared between 2006 and 2013. Results The radio-collars allowed us to confirm the presence of resistance to S. scabiei within Iberian ibex population. Twenty (80%) of the collared animals recovered totally from mange, while the disease progressed in the other five Iberian ibex (20% of the collared animals) and the animals died. The average estimated recovery time of the resistant animals was 245 ± 277 days, and the estimated average survival time of the non-resistant Iberian ibex was 121 ± 71 days. Non-resistant animals survived at least 100 days, while all of them died with less than 200 days. Sixty per cent of the resistant animals were recovered with less than 200 days. Conclusions We report, for the first time, the successful use of radio collars for wildlife diseases monitoring using Iberian ibex/S. scabiei as a model. By using radio collars we documented that most of the Sarcoptes-infected Iberian ibex are resistant to this disease, and we estimated the average time for Iberian ibex recovering from mange infection and the average survival time of the non-resistant ones. We expect wider use of radio-collars for wild animals diseases monitoring, affected/not-affected animals interaction, and treatment efficacy, among others. ; The research was supported by the projects 173/2009/M/00 and 861/11/M/00 (CMA, Andalusian Government), CGL2004-03171 and CGL2012-40043-C02-01 (MEC, Spanish Goverment), RTA 2009-00114-00-00 (INIA), RNM-6400, and Proyecto de Excelencia (Junta de Andalucia, Spain), together with Juan de la Cierva grant. The authors also thank the Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI-CSIC) for the co-financing of this publication in Open Access. ; The authors also thank the Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI-CSIC) for the co-financing of this publication in Open Access. ; Peer Reviewed

13 páginas, 1 tabla, 2 figuras. ; Recommendations for the management of sarcoptic mange in free–ranging Iberian ibex populations. In recent decades, sarcoptic mange has become the main driver of demographic changes in Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica) populations in the Iberian Peninsula. Given this species' economic and ecological importance, priority must be given to management measures aimed at limiting the effects of this disease. However, despite the wealth of research on sarcoptic mange in ibex, no common patterns of action are yet available to manage this disease under field conditions. The lack of national and international protocols aimed at controlling sarcoptic mange has favoured the spontaneous emergence of various disease management initiatives in Spain. However, very little information is available concerning this trend and what there is tends to be available only as 'grey literature' or is consigned to the memory of local observers. Traditional strategies designed to combat this disease include the administration of medicated feed and the non–selective culling of mangy ibex. Here, we propose a management approach that takes into account aspects relating to the ecology and conservation of ibex populations, as well as public–health–related factors. Our recommendations are based on knowledge of the disease and host–parasite interaction, and aim to promote long–term advances in its control. Moreover, we discuss the efficacy of the measures traditionally used in mange management. The overall aim is to encourage debate between wildlife managers and motivate the development of alternative management strategies. ; The authors acknowledge the support during this study from the Sierra Nevada Natural Space staff and the Consejería de Medio Ambiente (Junta de Andalucia). The scientific results on which this work is based were financed by the projects CGL2012–40043–C02–01, CGL2012–40043–CO2–02 and CGL2016–80543–P) (MEC, Spanish Government) and by the PAIDI Research Group RNM–118 from the Junta de Andalucía. ; Peer reviewed

El hipotiroidismo usualmente es un padecimiento congénito cuyo diagnóstico debe realizarse en la etapa neonatal si se pretende evitar el daño irreversible que produce tempranamente en el sistema nervioso central y en otros sistemas. En virtud de que el diagnóstico debe ser investigado en forma intencionada, se estableció un programa prospectivo de detección del hipotiroidismo en nuestro Hospital, en todos los recién nacidos vivos, mediante la determinación de TSH/RIA en sangre capilar del talón en papel filtro, después de las 72 horas de vida en que se han eliminado las hormonas tiroideas circulantes de la madre. El primer caso se detectó después de 262 recién nacidos normales. Debe preverse el nacimiento de 12 enfermos por año si se considera que en ese mismo periodo existen aproximadamente 3,000 recién nacidos vivos en nuestro Hospital.