Suchergebnisse

Governments' preferences for governing non-profit organizations (NPOs) are a relevant but understudied issue for governance scholars. Using Q methodology, this study investigates Chinese government officials' preferences for governing NPOs that deliver public services. We identified three government preferences: capable supervision, pragmatic engagement, and hands-off steering. We found different theoretical perspectives identified in the literature combine with one another to formulate these government preferences for governing NPOs. A key implication is that the Chinese state predominantly prefers the traditional public administration perspective, although it pragmatically borrows useful ingredients from other steering perspectives simultaneously. We recommend that governments, when governing NPOs, seriously address the configurations of governance strategies.

In the wake of the COVID-19 outbreak, China implemented emergency epidemic prevention and control measures, which played a positive role in economic and social development as well as the containment of the epidemic. Based on stock trading data from February 2020 to December 2022, this paper examines the impact of these measures on the stock returns of A-share listed companies. The findings of the study indicate that social distancing and health measures generally increase stock market returns, despite the varying magnitude of their effects. In addition, the analysis of two aspects, namely the listed sectors and the industry response analysis, further corroborates the main conclusion that social distancing policies have a more pronounced effect on the stock market. The study helps investors understand how the stock market responds to government announcements and enables policymakers to further explore the impact of policy responses during major public health events and their influence on economic and social welfare.

Specific emitter identification plays an important role in contemporary military affairs. However, most of the existing specific emitter identification methods haven't taken into account the processing of uncertain information. Therefore, this paper proposes a time–space domain information fusion method based on Dempster–Shafer evidence theory, which has the ability to deal with uncertain information in the process of specific emitter identification. In this paper, radars will generate a group of evidence respectively based on the information they obtained, and our main task is to fuse the multiple groups of evidence to get a reasonable result. Within the framework of recursive centralized fusion model, the proposed method incorporates a correlation coefficient, which measures the relevance between evidence and a quantum mechanical approach, which is based on the parameters of radar itself. The simulation results of an illustrative example demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively deal with uncertain information and get a reasonable recognition result.

AbstractThe study of the contamination patterns and characteristics of Sb and As in the soils of the legacy contaminated sites of antimony smelters is important for the redevelopment and utilization of industrial sites. In this study, 13 heavy metals were determined in the soil and plants of an antimony smelter in Gansu Province to study the biogeochemical behavior, health risk, and pollution source. The results showed that the Nemerow index of Sb (728) exceeded the value of As (43.6) by 17.6 times, and the average geoaccumulation index (Igeo) of Sb and As were 10.1 and 1.97, respectively, categorized as extremely and moderately contaminated classes. Compared to As, Sb had a larger proportion of oxidizable fraction and a smaller proportion of reducible fraction (Fe/Mn oxides), suggesting that Sb possessed a higher content of organic matter and sulfide forms. Even though the bioaccumulation factor (BAF) for As was about 10 times higher than that for Sb, the accumulation of Sb in plants was not negligible. For the USEPA model, the mean hazard quotient (HQ) values of As by oral ingestion, dermal absorption, and inhalation accounted for 99.0%, 0.97%, and 0.0002% of the total, and 54.2%, 45.3%, and 0.51% for MEEPRC model, respectively. There were significant positive correlations between Sb, As, Zn, Se, Cd, and Ba (P < 0.05). The results of the source identification analysis revealed that antimony smelting, solid waste pollution, and natural origin were identified as the main pollution sources. The principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) methods differed by more than 20% in the analysis of the contribution of antimony smelting activities and solid waste pollution sources, suggesting the differences in the models themselves and in the uncertainty parameters chosen during the application.

Emotional awareness is regarded as a prerequisite for emotional intelligence and regulation. We conducted a series of five studies involving 2,045 teachers to generate a questionnaire containing 21 items with six factors focusing on teachers??? emotional awareness in three dimensions:
themselves, their students, and interpersonal. The self dimension included two factors of teaching emotions and nonteaching emotions, the student dimension included two factors of facial expression and body language, and the interpersonal dimension included two factors of teacher???student
interaction and student???student interaction. The questionnaire demonstrated sound internal consistency reliability, test???retest reliability, and criterion-related validity. Thus, the Emotional Awareness Questionnaire for Teachers in China can be used to evaluate the emotional awareness
of primary and middle school teachers in China.