Suchergebnisse

Résumé Dans l'actuel contexte brésilien, les entreprises peuvent-elles, en marge de l'État, apporter des solutions aux inégalités sociales ? En mobilisant la sociologie du contrat de Max Weber, l'auteur analyse, d'une part, un système solidaire privé mis en place par les entreprises et, d'autre part, un système de gouvernance solidaire au sein des entreprises privées. Ces démarches, mêlant adroitement public et privé, ne réussissent pourtant pas à éradiquer la pauvreté. Elles témoignent ainsi de l'ambiguïté même du modèle : l'incapacité des entreprises à régler les conflits entre les intérêts privés et l'action publique.

The Constitution of the Schengen System : Its Impact Upon Local Actors.
The European Union has been defining new "regional" strategies of control implemented through intergovernmental conventions for several decades. The Schengen agreements, ratified in 1985, were designed as compensatory mechanisms to lessen the effects resulting from the free circulation of goods and people. This article analyses the Schengen System' s process of structuring and presents certain facts drawn from a field study whose objectives were to evaluate the impact of this System on local actors of control and their daily practices on either side of the French and Spanish border. This impact was evaluated in relation to both the practical and discursive conscience of those accomplishing the control, particularly those most directly involved in the task.

Transnationalization of the Penal Field : Some Considerations on Change in Crime and Control.
Recent past years have witnessed crime sliding from the local into the global sphere. From this standpoint, the world conceived as a hierarchical network appears as an old-fashioned model of social control. Organized crime is replaced by transnational crime. To understand the processes of such a criminality, it is necessary to deal with them in terms of « globalized localisms » and « localized globalisms ». In such a context, the full meaning of the increasing repression in public policies comes into view e.g. in the fight against drug trafficking. In the same way, it becomes easier to discern why and how supranational institutions and transnational processes of control emerge. Such a repressive System of control based on « security » is presently at work within the European Union and attests to an increasing security ideology.

Looking differently at Law : Latin American Scholars' New Socio-Legal Approach.
This introductory paper focuses on the development of socio-legal field in Latin America. In this process which deals at the same time with legal theory and practice, we recognize two steps : denunciation (law as an instrument of oppression) and use of law aimed at social change. Both experiences must be analyzed as a contribution to a new comprehension of law.