Suchergebnisse

The Welfare State is the political institution that further took the idea of solidarity and social justice in the History of Humanity. Unequally developed in the world, it reached high levels of efficiency in Europe in improving the living conditions of the populations and in promoting social rights. It is, however, under pressure from financial constraints and threatened politically and ideologically by neoliberalism and financial capitalism in a globalized world. Therefore, in the last decades, the word "crisis" is, perhaps, the most often used in the debates and research on the Welfare State. And yet, the Welfare State goes on showing trends of expansion, finding paths to evolve, and is, indeed, concerned with a new set of challenges that require the development of new functions. The present paper's objective is analysing these challenges and functions, in a global perspective, focusing on the ones that are already being tackled and developed, and putting forward the new technological and environmental ones, that are merging and not yet fully known. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Can artificial intelligence (AI) be a sustainable way to help solving the Covid-19 global problem? What does the way how welfare states, charity organizations and labour markets are dealing with the pandemic crisis tells us about the AI capacity for reducing exposition of underprivileged groups to the desease? It is becoming more and more visible how the new coronavirus pandemic is affecting specifically the most deprived and vulnerable groups, and also the big difference that welfare states and their policies make. What did the pandemic show about the relations between social inequality, welfare state provision and AI? This presentation will discuss the role of AI as a tool for public policies fighting inequalities that were amplified during the Covid-19 crisis. It will be analysed how the welfare state, the labour market and social communities are already incorporating AI tools and how this can eventually produce more resilient paths. Accelareted and amplified by the Covid-19, several processes of AI penetration in health, education, healthcare, social security, public administrations, labour and surveillance of citizens, became a subject of public discussion. Artificial intelligence is currently a process of long-term change in health and biotechnologies, long-distance education, teleworking, automation, robotization, consumption behaviours, surveillance and human enhancement. An in-deep analysis of the Portuguese case will support the lessons that can be learnt from AI and its use in public policies in a context of pandemic crisis, leading to a set of political recommendations, to promote its application as a resilient tool to fight inequalities ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Writing a report on political and community participation based on our fieldwork data was not an easy task. We were not expecting to find very high levels of civic engagement beforehand, due the traditionally extremely low levels of political participation in Portugal – as will be discussed on Chapter 1 of this report. And such expectations were largely confirmed. Indeed, one the more noticeable reactions of households to the crisis was precisely a further retreat into the private sphere. In practice, this meant that references to political and civic engagement within our sample were scarce.

The current report follows the guidelines for Work Package 11 – Report on Migration, Ethnicity and Resilience – of the RESCuE project. The first chapter of the report offers a brief historical account of the migratory phenomena that have had Portugal has its origin or destination. We will then proceed to present some data regarding the current situation of immigrants and minorities in Portugal, with emphasis on public policy for prevention of racial discrimination, the racism in Portuguese political culture and an overview of indicators of racial inequalities in Portuguese society.

Abstract: This study explores how autism and education policy are affected by austerity measures in Ireland, Portugal, Italy, and Greece by using a path dependence analysis. The implementation of mixed mainstream classrooms and improvements to infrastructure coincided with the ratification of inclusive education policy. Austerity measures appeared temporally associated with furthering of integration and inclusion policy for all countries under study, potentially due to the economic incentives of an integrated system. This trend is especially visible in Ireland, Portugal, and Greece, whereas lesser so in Italy. Even though the initial focus of this analysis was autism, the findings are applicable to the general area of special education needs due to the non‐specific nature of national policies.

This study explores how autism and education policy are affected by austerity measures in Ireland, Portugal, Italy, and Greece by using a path dependence analysis. The implementation of mixed mainstream classrooms and improvements to infrastructure coincided with the ratification of inclusive education policy. Austerity measures appeared temporally associated with furthering of integration and inclusion policy for all countries under study, potentially due to the economic incentives of an integrated system. This trend is especially visible in Ireland, Portugal, and Greece, whereas lesser so in Italy. Even though the initial focus of this analysis was autism, the findings are applicable to the general area of special education needs due to the non-specific nature of national policies. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion