Suchergebnisse

This chapter examines the decline of tourism in Katherine, one of the Northern Territory's iconic remote destinations. While the decline coincided with severe floods damaging much of the town and its tourism infrastructure in 1998, other factors such as the overall decline of Outback tourism in Australia and changes in key markets such as backpackers and self-drive tourists contributed to the difficulty in reviving Katherine's tourism industry following the floods. Katherine tourism demonstrates characteristics consistent with the Beyond Peripherymodel of tourism development in remote or sparsely populated areas. The chapter argues that Katherine has become even more distant and disconnected from tourist markets, investors and policy makers since the floods. Key issues for future development include an increasingly uneven relationship between Katherine and the capital city of Darwin, and an inability to identify alternative markets and development paths independent of the dominant tourism structures in the Northern Territory. Katherine is an example of a remote destination which initially had substantial competitive advantages because of its location and levels of local investment in tourism, but has since lost those advantages due to a failure to respond to changing market forces. The chapter thus emphasises the fragile nature of tourism in remote locations, and its vulnerability to exogenous shocks and changing government priorities, reminding us of the broader challenges for economic development in remote resource peripheries.

Construction of large onshore oil and gas processing plants brings the promise of significant local economic attributions; however, the injection of a high churning male construction workforce can change and dominate the host community's demographics. This can generate a range of issues which are well documented in the literature on resource 'Boomtowns'. But because most studies are retrospective and focus on small towns, findings may hold limited transitivity to relatively large and economically diverse towns or cities. Consequently research based knowledge for the facilitation of dialogue between governments, the community and industry on the scale and timing of construction impacts is absent. Darwin, a city of around 130,000 residents in the north of Australia, has secured a large liquid natural gas processing plant which is currently under construction. The plant is touted to bring substantial economic benefits with a peak construction workforce of more than 3,500 anticipated. But little meaningful discussion on possible effects on population makeup and social fabric of the city has been forthcoming. This study profiles the INPEX plant construction workforce under several scenarios based on combinations of local worker engagement and total workforce size. Profiles are overlayed onto population projection data to appraise the scale of demographic and social impacts. Findings show that, despite Darwin's size and pre-existing population, labour force and family profiles, the project will contribute significant demographic and social upheaval during construction. Governments, the community and industry are advised to engage in an early and open dialogue focused on mitigating negative and garnering positive long-term outcomes with this research as the basis.

1. Dipping in to the North: Living, Working and Traveling in Sparsely Populated Areas -- 2. Who Lives in the Inland North? Dynamic, Diverse, Fragile, Robust -- 3. Small Villages and Socio-Economic Change in Resource Peripheries: A View from Northern Sweden -- 4. The Myth of the Immobile Rural: The Case of Rural Villages in Iceland -- 5. The Changing Youth Population -- 6. Housing in SPAs: Too Much of Nothing or Too Much for 'Free'? -- 7. Lifestyle Migrants and Intercultural Communication in Swedish Villages -- 8. Who Works in the North? Challenges and Opportunities for Employment -- 9. Tradition Is Essential: Clashing Articulations of Sami Identity, Past and Present -- 10. A Socially Accountable Health and Care Workforce in Northern Sweden: Who Should It Contain, Who Is It for and What Should It Do? -- 11. Is Downshifting Easier in the Countryside? Focus Group Visions on Individual Sustainability Transitions -- 12. Stayin' Alive: New Associations in Southern Lapland Farming -- 13. Spicy Meatballs and Mango Sylt: Exploring Food Practices as a Means to Promoting Entrepreneurship in Rural Sweden -- 14. Who Travels to the North? Challenges and Opportunities for Tourism -- 15. Cities of the North: Gateways, Competitors or Regional Markets for Hinterland Tourism Destinations? -- 16. Strategic Objective? Contemporary Discourse on Russian Second-Home Ownership in Finland -- 17. Selling Greenness -- 18. Arctification and the Paradox of Overtourism in Sparsely Populated Areas -- 19. Tourism, Seasonality and the Attraction of Youth -- 20 Epilogue: From Growth to Decline to Degrowth? The Future of Northern SPAs.

AbstractIndigenous people comprise a significant proportion of the population living in remote parts of Australia, particularly in the north. A growing body of literature has documented high mobility between remote Indigenous settlements, service towns and cities. The extent and nature of this mobility is thought to be driven, at least partly, by the types of services and infrastructure available in communities. Understanding to what extent these service and infrastructure provisions drive people's mobility and the type of people who move is essential for creating policy for remote communities and making investment decisions. We use 2011 census data to examine this issue for the Northern Territory, the Australian jurisdiction with the highest Indigenous composition in its remote population, by constructing generalised linear mixed models comparing Indigenous people's actual locations on census night with their stated usual place of residence. We found that individual characteristics (gender and age) had high impacts on individuals being at home or away on census night and that good health care provision, government subsidised community jobs and Internet access are associated with higher levels of absences from home. Meanwhile, those living in communities that had recently received new houses were less likely to be away on census night. The results can contribute to the efficiency of service provision and to understanding the dynamics of Indigenous mobility. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Background: Unlike the large body of research that has examined the 'success' or 'failure' of eHealth in terms of patientand provider perceptions or cost- and clinical effectiveness, the current study teases out ways through which a noveleHealth initiative in rural northern Sweden might result in more distal or systemic beneficial outcomes. More specifically,this paper aims to explore how and under what circumstances the so-called virtual health rooms (VHRs) are expectedto improve access to person-centred care and strengthen community health systems, especially for elderly residents ofrural areas. Methods: The first phase of the realist evaluation methodology was conducted, involving qualitative interviews with 8key stakeholders working with eHealth, business development, digitalisation, and process management. Using thematicanalysis and following an abductive-retroductive analytical process, an intervention-context-actor-mechanism-outcome(ICAMO) configuration was developed and elicited into an initial programme theory. Results: The findings indicate that a novel eHealth initiative, which provides reliable technologies in a customizedfacility that connects communities and providers, might improve access to person-centred care and strengthencommunity health systems for rural populations. This is theorized to occur if mechanisms acting at individual (suchas knowledge, skills and trust) and collective (like a common vision and shared responsibilities) levels are triggered incontexts characterised by supportive societal transitions, sufficient organisational readiness and the harnessing of ruralcohesiveness and creativity. Conclusion: The elicited initial programme theory describes and explains how a novel eHealth initiative in ruralnorthern Sweden is presumed to operate and under what circumstances. Further testing, refinements and continuedgradual building of theory following the realist evaluation methodology is now needed to ascertain if the 'VHRs' work asintended, for whom, in what conditions and why.

Darwin has unique historic, political, economic, demographic, and sociocultural characteristics that have made the capital of the Northern Territory a fascinating but sometimes challenging place to live. Darwin's population is projected to grow substantially over the next twenty or thirty years. Managing future growth will require a thorough understanding of the conditions that have shaped the economic, urban and social fabric of the city. This book aims to provide a thinking guide to Darwin to encourage locals and visitors alike to debate the various aspects that determine the way the city is functioning as a place to live, work, invest or visit. The book will reports on a variety of information and perspectives, including formal research and informal accounts of personal experiences provided by guest commentators in leading positions within Darwin society. The book takes the reader on a tour through Darwin and its immediate surroundings. The tour stops at particular places of historic and contemporary interest along the way and critically reflects on the opportunities and challenges of a range of factors that create and influence urban and community space in Darwin. Topics examined include demographic trends, political governance, economic investment, planning, industrial development, Aboriginal interests, housing, transport, education, health services, employment, defence presence, tourism, entertainment, sports and recreation, and hinterland development. The Whose City is it? guide aims to help Darwin contextualise the opportunities and challenges it faces as it continues to grow. ; Jira Ticket : CDU-14: Collection Development Manager made the decision that for the books that have this message " This book is copyright. Apart from any fair dealing to the purpose of private study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced, by any process, without written permission. Enquiries should be made to the publisher, Charles Darwin University Press, Charles Darwin University, Darwin NT 0909, Australia" in the front they would treat CDU NTU Press as the copyright holder based on this statement. CDU Press have given permission for these to be added to our site but no additional licencing terms provided. That is a reasonable risk management based decision.

Community-based social models of care for seniors promote better outcomes in terms of quality of life, managing chronic illness and life expectancy than institutional care. However, small rural areas in high income countries face an ongoing crisis in coordinating care related to service mix, workforce and access. A scoping review was conducted to examine initiatives that promoted integrated models of multisectoral, collaborative aged care in rural settings which could help respond to this ongoing crisis and improve responses to emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic database search, screening and a two-stage full text review was followed by a case study critical appraisal. A content analysis of extracted data from included papers was undertaken. Integrated care services, activities and facilities were identified that helped guide the review process and data synthesis. The three included case studies all emphasized key principles that crucially underpinned the models related to collaboration, cooperation and innovation. Challenges to effective care included fiscal and structural constraints, with underlying social determinant impacts. Based on these findings, we describe the genesis of a "toolkit" with components of integrated models of care. Effective care requires aging to be addressed as a complex, interconnected social issue rather than solely a health problem. It demands a series of coordinated system-based responses that consider the complex and heterogeneous contexts (and needs) of communities. Such models are underpinned by leadership and political will, working with a wide breadth of stakeholders across family, community and clinical domains in private and public sectors.

"Many sparsely populated resource peripheries in developed countries are perceived to suffer from periods of demographic decline due to loss of employment opportunities and services, youth out-migration and population ageing. While these trends tend to apply at broad regional scales and for particular time periods, diverse patterns of demographic change may be apparent if different spatial, temporal and social scales of analysis are taken into consideration. Comparing the experiences of two case study regions in northern Sweden and inland South Australia, this paper proposes an alternative conceptual framework to the 'discourse of decline', which could be used to examine the nuances of demographic change within resource peripheries. The framework includes spatial scale considerations that contrast broader regional demographic patterns with the experiences of sub-regions and individual settlements. It also includes temporal scale aspects, examining demographic change over different time periods to understand the pace, duration and frequency of population growth and decline. The framework finally includes social unit considerations, emphasising that demographic change affects different social groups in different ways. The results of the case studies suggest that considering demographic change as adaptation or transformation rather than decline may be more useful for identifying new - and qualitatively different - demographic pathways that emerge over time." (author's abstract)

The COVID-19 pandemic coincided with a multi-national federally funded research project examining the potential for health and care services in small rural areas to identify and implement innovations in service delivery. The project has a strong focus on electronic health (eHealth) but covers other areas of innovation as well. The project has been designed as an ethnography to prelude a realist evaluation, asking the question under what conditions can local health and care services take responsibility for designing and implementing new service models that meet local needs? The project had already engaged with several health care practitioners and research students based in Canada, Sweden, Australia, and the United States. Our attention is particularly on rural communities with fewer than 5,000 residents and which are relatively isolated from larger service centres. Between March and September 2020, the project team undertook ethnographic and auto-ethnographic research in their own communities to investigate what the service model responses to the pandemic were, and the extent to which local service managers were able to customize their responses to suit the needs of their communities. An initial program theory drawn from the extant literature suggested that "successful" response to the pandemic would depend on a level of local autonomy, "absorptive capacity,*" strong service-community connections, an "anti-fragile†" approach to implementing change, and a realistic recognition of the historical barriers to implementing eHealth and other innovations in these types of rural communities. The field research in 2020 has refined the theory by focusing even more attention on absorptive capacity and community connections, and by suggesting that some level of ignorance of the barriers to innovation may be beneficial. The research also emphasized the role and power of external actors to the community which had not been well-explored in the literature. This paper will summarize both what the field research revealed about the capacity to respond well to the COVID-19 challenge and highlight the gaps in innovative strategies at a managerial level required for rapid response to system stress. *Absorptive Capacity is defined as the ability of an organization (community, clinic, hospital) to adapt to change. Organizations with flexible capacity can incorporate change in a productive fashion, while those with rigid capacity take longer to adapt, and may do so inappropriately. †Antifragility is defined as an entities' ability to gain stability through stress. Biological examples include building muscle through consistent use, and bones becoming stronger through subtle stress. Antifragility has been used as a guiding principle in programme implementation in the past.