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Emergency management organizations often have military-based histories and continue to maintain militaristic styles of operation. Similar to the military, these organizations tend to be heavily male dominated and culturally masculinized. The militarization and masculinization of rural fire services in Australia are important and generally unrecognized elements defining these organizations, and the example of the Country Fire Authority (CFA), based in the Australian state of Victoria, is considered in-depth. Historical and current elements of the CFA's structure and practice are analysed using the concept of 'extremely gendered' institutions, with a focus on how the CFA is structurally and culturally gendered. We argue that there is value in expanding the concept of 'extremely gendered' institutions (originally specific to the military) to include other organizations, in certain contexts, in order to better understand and address resistance to change and ongoing issues of women's exclusion and sexual harassment.

The year 2017 will go down in history as a key turning point in anti-nuclear activism. The Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to ICAN and a ban treaty was adopted by an overwhelming majority of the world's nations. For young people, never before has there been such momentum for a nuclear-free world. Excited by this progress and wanting to build further momentum, this brief piece provides insights about the importance of feminist analysis and the role that young people are playing by providing a snapshot of anti-nuclear campaigns. By drawing on the perspectives of several young activists, it argues for, and details why the perspectives of young people are significant, and outlines various strengths and strategies of engaging youth, along with complexities and challenges. Overall, this piece provides a timely analysis of the powerful role that young people can play in anti-nuclear activism.

An Introduction to Tourism is the essential guide to the tourism industry. It provides a comprehensive and authoritative introduction to all facets of tourism including:the history of tourism; factors influencing the tourism industry; tourism in developing countries; sustainable tourism; forecasting future trends. Tourism has changed radically in recent years with the onset of many technological and economic changes and an ever increasing concern for the environment. This book provides a down-to-earth introduction to this complex and multi-faceted industry.This invaluable introduction is writt

The term 'impact' is everywhere. Organizations and individuals want to fund projects for impact, measure impact, and showcase the impact of effort, expertise and financial investment, but clear definitions and understandings of what having an impact really means for people and institutions appear lacking or ad-hoc. This paper explores 'impact' in the areas of education and research into government practice. For governments, the impact agenda involves operating in increasingly tight fiscal environments with mounting pressure to articulate and demonstrate return on investment. For education providers, there are increasing calls to justify and prove why investment in education is an efficient and effective endeavor. For universities, this includes a shift from a traditional publication-focused research impact culture to a wider societal impact one that demonstrates direct and indirect benefits to society. This paper conceptualizes impact as a "puzzle" with many pieces, with education and research making up key pieces that can and need to fit together better. In doing so, the paper identifies four problem areas to help guide thinking toward clarity about what 'impact' entails. To aid collective progress in this space, we detail key issues facing the education and research sectors. Based on our analysis we arrive at a set of questions intended to help guide thinking and actions toward collectively increasing the ability to generate and demonstrate the impact of both into government practice and society at large.

The mega‐infrastructural development project provides easy access to remarkable tourism destinations and keeps attracting tourists. Tourist data from the tourism department of Gilgit‐Baltistan (GB), Pakistan, show that the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project's impact positively relates to tourism demand. GB is at the early stage of tourism development, and residents show a willingness to support tourism even though tourism costs outweigh benefits. Besides, the existing tourism policy of Gilgit‐Baltistan focuses explicitly on economic sustainability but overlooks the socio‐cultural and environmental concerns. Therefore, the present study based on the stakeholder theory provides policy implications to minimize adverse effects on socio‐cultural and ecological resources and achieve sustainable tourism.

This paper identifies the impact governance types can have on the transfer of city-scale climate change policy. We develop a new adaptation of the policy transfer heuristic (based on the work of Dolowitz, D., and D. Marsh. 1996. "Who Learns What from Whom: A Review of the Policy Transfer Literature." Political Studies; Evans, Mark. 2009a. "New Directions in the Study of Policy Transfer." Policy Studies 30 (3): 237–241. doi:10.1080/01442870902863810) which draws attention to different types of multilevel governance systems (Hooghe, Liesbet, and Gary Marks. 2003. "Unraveling the Central State, but How? Types of Multi-Level Governance." American Political Science Review 97: 02. doi:10.1017/S0003055403000649). This new adaption, "Policy Transfer Across Governance Systems" (PTAGS) heuristic helps to anticipate challenges and opportunities for potential transfer (Manwaring, Rob. 2016. "The Big Society in Australia: A Case of 'Non'-Policy Transfer?" Australian Journal of Public Administration 75 (2): 191–201. doi:10.1111/1467-8500.12164). To demonstrate this, we present three hypothetical scenarios of policy transfer from the European Union Green Capital Awards (EUGCA) to Australia. Using PTAGS reveals three main complexities that policy actors' may face when developing city-scale climate change policy. These are: problem identification; the type of transfer networks used; and what aspects of policy contents and goals can be transferred. We argue that the adapted PTAGS heuristic enables a more nuanced understanding of the dynamics of transfer across different governance systems. This can better equip policy actors and relevant stakeholders to develop more holistic city-scale climate change adaptation policy that draws on the strengths of governance systems rather than amplifying their weaknesses.

The increasing international use of consulting firms in public administration has attracted warnings against diminishing policy capability, accountability and transparency. Whilst significant debates and multiple tensions exist, this article introduces an innovative Australian model which provides scope to harness and balance the strengths of the contributions of consultants and consultancy firms to improve government policy capacity. We argue that advantages exist for engaging Tier 1 consultants provided the conditions are right. Moving past binary debates about whether or not consultants should be used in the public sector, we call for a more nuanced understanding and discussion about how to better leverage expertise, comparative analysis and contestability. Using Wu et al.'s (Policy Soc 34(3–4):165–171, 2015) framework, our pragmatic and sophisticated approach shifts theory and practice on the use of consultants to ensure clarity in the rationale of seeking external advice in order to build or improve policy capacity.

Purpose – Governments have demonstrated a renewed interest in progressing gender equality for their workforces, including in Australia. This refocusing has resulted in a tranche of new gender equality policiesbeing introduced into the Australian Public Service (APS). The purpose of this paper is to examine how New Public Management (NPM) is reflected in these gender equality policies and consider whether NPM mayassist or hinder gender being "undone" or "redone" in APS organisations.Design/methodology/approach – A content analysis was conducted to assess the strategies contained within the gender equality policies of all 18 Australian government departments.Findings – The content analysis reveals that the policies strongly reflect an NPM framing, except in one important area – that of monitoring and evaluation. The lack of attention to this crucial element of NPM mayhinder effective implementation of many of the policies. The authors also conclude that while good intent is evident in the policies, they may "redo" rather than "undo" gender in organisations.Practical implications – The paper will assist organisations which are developing and implementing gender equality policies. Even though NPM is specific to the public sector, the research highlights the potential and pitfalls when developing such policies in an environment focused on increasing efficiencies and reducing costs.Originality/value – While gender equality and public sector reforms occurred simultaneously in Australia, few researchers have examined the interactions between the two.

Emergency management organizations often have military‐based histories and continue to maintain militaristic styles of operation. Similar to the military, these organizations tend to be male dominated and culturally masculinized. The militarization and masculinization of rural fire services in Australia are generally unrecognized but highly important elements defining these organizations, and the example of the Country Fire Authority (CFA) is considered here. Using a cultural artefacts approach, historical and contemporary elements of the CFA's structure and practice are analysed using the concept of an 'extremely gendered' organization, with a focus on how the CFA is structurally and culturally gendered. We argue there is value in expanding the notion of 'extremely gendered' institutions beyond the military, to include other militarized organizations. Doing so not only helps to better understand and address resistance to change and gender equality measures, it also draws attention to the important role that such organizations play in the greater patriarchal order.

American Indians are classified by the federal government as a "health disparities population" with significant excess morbidity and mortality caused by diabetes and its many complications. The National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health has created a national program titled "Centers of Excellence" whose primary goal is the elimination of health disparities. This article describes the American Indian Diabetes Prevention Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Public Health, in terms of its intellectual foundations rooted in a biocultural analytic model and operationalized by an interdisciplinary functioning staff. Challenges are described in terms of the monumental task of impacting health disparity conditions and in the exigencies of research collaborations with American Indian Nations located in rural areas remote to the University's health sciences urban-based hub.

American Indians are classified by the federal government as a "health disparities population" with significant excess morbidity and mortality caused by diabetes and its many complications. The National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health has created a national program titled "Centers of Excellence" whose primary goal is the elimination of health disparities. This article describes the American Indian Diabetes Prevention Center at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Public Health, in terms of its intellectual foundations rooted in a biocultural analytic model and operationalized by an interdisciplinary functioning staff. Challenges are described in terms of the monumental task of impacting health disparity conditions and in the exigencies of research collaborations with American Indian Nations located in rural areas remote to the University's health sciences urban-based hub.

Journal editors serve a vital, powerful role in academic fields. They set research priorities, serve asgatekeepers for research, play a critical role in advancing junior scholars as reviewers and eventually into editorialroles, build extensive networks, and gain valuable insight into the behavior and preferences of reviewers and scholars.This article analyzes data collected from leading public administration journals in 2017 to investigate the role ofwomen as gatekeepers of public administration knowledge. The data illustrate a clear underrepresentation of womenon editorial boards. Drawing from these data, research on journal editorships, and feminist theory, the authors presenta critique of the current state of public administration research and a discussion of a way forward. They concludewith a proposal for how all public administration scholars (junior, senior, men, and women), journal leadership, andacademic departments can move toward increasing women's representation in these important positions.

Impact—what does it mean and how do we know what "counts"? We all want to do work that has an impact, and this is true of all sectors, whether that be government, public, private, not-for-profit, university, education, or community stakeholders. However, understandings of what it means in practice, what it takes to achieve, and how it can be tracked and calculated remain largely unclear and contested. While the rhetoric of "impact" and the "impact agenda" has become popular in the last decade or so, our practice and research appear to be lagging. In this introductory paper to the special issue on Impact into practice: Demonstrating applied public administration and policy improvement we outline how systems thinking approach can aid understanding of research and education impact on government practice. A systems approach reveals where reliance exists, where responsibility falls, and where new and deepened relationships are needed. While more needs to be done by all parties to acknowledge the collective nature of impact and the necessary reliance on one another, we argue that redistribution of responsibility is needed, including the government's significant role. Without collective recognition of reliance, responsibility, and relationships in the system of impact, our respective endeavors can only be expected to go so far. By thinking about impact as a system, we can end the "blame game" between university and government sectors, and encourage action within and across sectors, in the pursuit of better outcomes for citizens and society.