Suchergebnisse

International audience ; The objective of this paper is to present an analysis of the current development conditions of public spaces in Mexico through the perspectives of different actors. It will also explain the main issues of the actual planning regulatory framework concerning the inclusion of civil society in the planning and design process of public spaces in Mexico. We take into account the Federal law of human settlements, territorial order, and urban development (Diario Oficial de la Federacion, 2016)presented in November of 2016, which became the first federal legislation in Mexico that defines and relates the terms "urban development", "public space" and "social participation" (ANPR & WRI México, 2018). This research aims to present a background of the current conditions of planning public spaces in Mexico according to the federal government for the period (2018-2024), non-governmental institutions, and the private sector where each actor has a different perspective of the conditions of how public spaces should be developed. ; L'objectif de cet article est de présenter une analyse des conditions actuelles de développement des espaces publics au Mexique à travers l'examen des perspectives des différents acteurs. Il déterminera également les principaux problèmes du cadre réglementaire actuel de planification concernant l'inclusion de la société civile dans le processus de planification et de conception des espaces publics au Mexique. Nous prenons en compte la loi fédérale sur les établissements humains, l'ordre territorial et le développement urbain (Federacion, 2016), présentée en novembre 2016 et qui est devenue la première législation fédérale au Mexique qui définit et relie les termes « développement urbain », « espace public » et « participation sociale » (World Resource Institute, 2018). Cette recherche vise à présenter un contexte des conditions réelles de planification des espaces publics au Mexique selon le gouvernement fédéral pour la période (2018-2024), les institutions non ...

Governance Assessment Frameworks allow the identification of implementation bottlenecks and they can propose answers to the identified challenges. However, no assessment framework has been developed to 1) understand how governance factors can affect the development and use of geospatial data (GD) and 2) to allow comparison across different governance contexts. Previous research proved that GD and governance are highly interrelated. Understanding the relevance of policy coherence, and aiming to address the aforementioned gap, we propose the Coherence Assessment Framework for Geospatial Data (CAFGD). CAFGD objective is to contribute to the GD governance literature from an implementation perspective. CAFGD is based on two existing frameworks: 1) the Framework to Support Institutional Arrangements in Geospatial Information Management (FSIAGIM) (Crompvoets and Ho, 2017, 2019) and 2) the Governance Assessment Tool (GAT) (Bressers et al., 2016a). CAFGD uses as governance dimensions the seven structural instruments of FSIAGIM, classified under the hierarchy, market and network governance approach and uses as evaluative quality coherence from GAT. In order to demonstrate the application of CAFGD, we have selected the region of Flanders in Belgium to analyze its GD policy coherence. Our results conclude that coherence is higher in the instruments related to hierarchy. Therefore, coherence is higher among the public sector actors when comparing with the private sector actors. The relation to this sector corresponds to the market and network instruments.

In the last decades, policy reforms, new instruments development, and economic resources investment have taken place in water sanitation in Mexico; however, the intended goals have not been accomplished. The percentage of treated wastewater as intended in the last two federal water plans has not been achieved. The creation of River Basin Commissions and the decentralisation process have also faced challenges. In the case of Tlaxcala, the River Basin Commission exists only on paper and the municipalities do not have the resources to fulfil the water treatment responsibilities transferred to them. This lack of results poses the question whether the context was sufficiently considered when the reforms were enacted. In this research, we will study the Tlaxcala Atoyac sub-basin, where water treatment policy reforms have taken place recently with a more context sensitive approach. We will apply the Governance Assessment Tool in order to find out whether the last reforms are indeed apt for the context. The Governance Assessment Tool includes four qualities, namely extent, coherence, flexibility, and intensity. The assessment allows deeper understanding of the governance context. Data collection involved semi-structured in-depth interviews with stakeholders. The research concludes that the observed combination of qualities creates a governance context that partially supports the implementation of the policy. This has helped to increase the percentage of wastewater treated, but the water quality goals set by the River Classification have not been achieved. With the last reforms, in this hierarchical context, decreasing the participation of municipal government levels has been shown to be instrumental for improving water treatment plants implementation policy, although many challenges remain to be addressed.

Interoperability has proven to be key for the digitalization of public administrations. It can help to improve public services while saving time, reducing costs and increasing transparency. It has also been recognized as crucial to overcome societal challenges, such as climate change, housing, health, energy efficiency and urban mobility. Yet interoperability implementation is complex and context sensitive. In order to support the Member States of the European Union, the European Commission has been developing European Interoperability Frameworks since 2004. The most recent European Interoperability Framework dates from 2017 and is currently being revised. Building upon research expertise of the authors and their participation in the development of proposals for new interoperability frameworks for the European Commission, the objective of this reflection article is twofold: 1) to propose changes in the definition of interoperability and additions to both the layers and principles of the 2017 EIF and 2) to provide an overview for non-European scholars on the latest developments around the 2017 EIF framework. A revised version of the interoperability definition, the addition of co-creation as a principle together with a cultural interoperability layer, and a cross-cutting layer of Skills and Competencies would facilitate an alignment of the revised framework with the recently developed interoperability frameworks. Considering these revisions could help to decrease fragmentation among the different efforts conducted by the European Commission. Finally, by sharing these latest developments regarding the EIF as well as the developed proposals with a Latin American audience, the authors aim to support the exchange of experiences between Europe and Latin American.

Interoperability has proven to be key for the digitalization of public administrations. It can help to improve public services while saving time, reducing costs and increasing transparency. It has also been recognized as crucial to overcome societal challenges, such as climate change, housing, health, energy efficiency and urban mobility. Yet interoperability implementation is complex and context-sensitive. In order to support the Member States of the European Union, the European Commission has been developing European Interoperability Frameworks since 2004. The most recent framework dates from 2017 and is under review. Building upon research expertise of the authors and their participation in the development of proposals for new interoperability frameworks for the European Commission, the objective of this reflection article is twofold: 1) to propose changes in the definition of interoperability and additions to both the layers and principles of the 2017 EIF and 2) to provide an overview for non-European scholars on the latest developments around the 2017 EIF. A revised version of the interoperability definition, the addition of co-creation as a principle together with a cultural interoperability layer, and a cross-cutting layer of Skills and Competencies would facilitate an alignment of the revised framework with the recently developed interoperability frameworks. Considering these revisions could help to decrease fragmentation among the different efforts conducted by the European Commission. Finally, by sharing these latest developments regarding the EIF and the developed proposals with a Latin American audience, the authors aim to support the exchange of experiences between Europe and Latin American. ; La interoperabilidad es clave para la digitalización de la administración pública y ayuda a mejorar servicios públicos, ahorra tiempo, reduce costos y aumenta transparencia. También es crucial para superar desafíos sociales, como el cambio climático, vivienda, salud, eficiencia energética y movilidad urbana. Sin embargo, su implementación es compleja y sensible al contexto. Con el fin de apoyar a los Estados miembros de la Unión Europea, desde 2004 la Comisión Europea ha desarrollado Marcos Europeos de Interoperabilidad (MEI). El MEI más reciente data de 2017 y está en revisión. Con base en la experiencia de investigación de los autores y su participación en el propuestas para nuevos marcos de interoperabilidad, el objetivo de este artículo de reflexión es doble: 1) Proponer cambios a la definición de interoperabilidad y revisiones tanto a los niveles de interoperabilidad como a los principios fundamentales del MEI 2017 y 2) Proporcionar una visión general a académicos fuera de Europa sobre los avances en torno al MEI 2017. Una versión revisada de la definición de interoperabilidad, la inclusión de co-creación como un principio fundamental junto con la adición de un nivel de Interoperabilidad Cultural y un componente transversal de Habilidades y Competencias facilitarían una alineación con los marcos de interoperabilidad desarrollados recientemente. Estas recomendaciones podrían disminuir la fragmentación de los esfuerzos realizados por la Comisión Europea. Finalmente, al compartir estos últimos desarrollos sobre el MEI 2017, así como las propuestas, con una audiencia latinoamericana, los autores buscan apoyar el intercambio de experiencias entre Europa y América Latina.

Interoperability has proven to be key for the digitalization of public administrations. It can help to improve public services while saving time, reducing costs and increasing transparency. It has also been recognized as crucial to overcome societal challenges, such as climate change, housing, health, energy efficiency and urban mobility. Yet interoperability implementation is complex and context-sensitive. In order to support the Member States of the European Union, the European Commission has been developing European Interoperability Frameworks since 2004. The most recent framework dates from 2017 and is under review. Building upon research expertise of the authors and their participation in the development of proposals for new interoperability frameworks for the European Commission, the objective of this reflection article is twofold: 1) to propose changes in the definition of interoperability and additions to both the layers and principles of the 2017 EIF and 2) to provide an overview for non-European scholars on the latest developments around the 2017 EIF. A revised version of the interoperability definition, the addition of co-creation as a principle together with a cultural interoperability layer, and a cross-cutting layer of Skills and Competencies would facilitate an alignment of the revised framework with the recently developed interoperability frameworks. Considering these revisions could help to decrease fragmentation among the different efforts conducted by the European Commission. Finally, by sharing these latest developments regarding the EIF and the developed proposals with a Latin American audience, the authors aim to support the exchange of experiences between Europe and Latin American. ; La interoperabilidad es clave para la digitalización de la administración pública y ayuda a mejorar servicios públicos, ahorra tiempo, reduce costos y aumenta transparencia. También es crucial para superar desafíos sociales, como el cambio climático, vivienda, salud, eficiencia energética y movilidad urbana. ...

The public sector is facing significant challenges regarding public services provision, including declination of users' trust and limited resources. An alternative approach to traditional public service provision with the potential to address these challenges is the co-creation of public services. Co-creation promises to foster innovative solutions to provide high-quality services that respond to users' needs. Considering this background, we aim at critically exploring public service co-creation via a scoping review, employing the PRISMA-ScR method. Our review focuses on 25 empirical studies out of 75 analyzed articles that examine the implementation of co-creation of (digital) public services and investigates how the empirical literature portrays the concept of public service co-creation. Our findings primarily suggest that co-creation can be implemented in a wide range of sectors and settings, to improve public services and to foster innovation, throughout the whole public service cycle, using a variety of digital, analog and hybrid co-creation tools and strategies. Yet, our review has also shown that there is still an implementation gap that needs to be bridged between knowing and doing in the context of public services co-creation in a digital setting.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose an enhanced conceptual model for the integrated public service (IPS) functionality of the European interoperability framework (EIF). The enhanced model incorporates co-creation within the three stages of the IPS cycle. While co-creation can provide innovative routes to overcome interoperability challenges, how co-creation can be a part of the EIF has not been tackled before (Casiano Flores, et al., 2021).


Design/methodology/approach
A preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses scoping literature review was used to develop the model and identify decisive aspects of co-creation, service users and service providers. Next, a purposive snowball sampling of grey literature comprising primarily of official documentation produced by the European Union was then undertaken to further inform the central argument. Finally, the subsequent validation of the model and derived conclusions was undertaken both internally and externally by peers and experts.


Findings
Relationships between key sets of actors during co-creation are bi-directional. Furthermore, different sets of actors are, in turn, service providers and service users depending on the service provided and the stage in the public service cycle under consideration. Understanding these bi-directional interrelationships can help improve public services provided by governmental actors through collaboration with users.


Originality/value
Most public service delivery models see relationships between key stakeholders as unidirectional and one-dimensional. By contrast, this study proposes a shift in paradigm where IPS users are not passive actors and mere consumers of services but instead are key stakeholders actively participating in IPS provision.

Current open data systems lag behind in their promised value creation and sustainability. The objective of the current study is twofold: 1) to investigate whether existing open data systems meet the requirements of open data ecosystems, and 2) to develop a research agenda that discusses the gaps between current open data systems on the one hand and participatory, value-creating, sustainable open data ecosystems on the other hand. The literature reveals that the main characteristics of value-creating, sustainable open data ecosystems are user-drivenness, inclusiveness, circularity, and skill-based. Our comparative case study of five open data systems in various application domains and countries highlighted that none of these systems are real open data ecosystems: they often do not balance open data supply and demand, exclude specific user groups and domains, are linear, and lack skill-training. We elaborate on a research agenda that discusses how research should address the challenge of making open data ecosystems more value-generating and sustainable.