Suchergebnisse

Although the translation of Marxist works in Mexico can be traced back to the end of 19th century, especially from French or English into Spanish, during the Cold War years the languages involved in these translation practices, as well as the discourses that went along with them, changed significantly. During the first half of the 20th century, a boom for many Latin American publishing houses, translations of Marxism-Leninism works published by the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union had an important role to play, that is, they disseminated and promoted the ideological agenda of the Soviet Union. In Mexico, at the end of the 1930s, Fondo de Cultura Popular (FCP) contributed to the international campaign for promoting Soviet publishers' endeavors. In this article, I will examine the contribution of these translated works to the dissemination of ideological and political discourses. Considering, on the one hand, the relationship between translation and political agency, and on the other, the instrumentalization of the writing of history, I contend that these translations shed light on the ideological and political debates of the day, particularly on those taking place in the field of historiography. ; Aunque la difusión del marxismo en México por medio de traducciones, sobre todo del inglés y del francés al español, puede rastrearse desde fines del siglo XIX, durante la Guerra Fría, las lenguas entre las que se traduce y los discursos que circulan junto con las traducciones se diversifican. Así, durante la primera mitad del siglo XX, periodo en el que florecieron las industrias editoriales latinoamericanas, ocuparon un lugar especial las traducciones de obras marxistas-leninistas que, publicadas bajo la égida de la Academia de las Ciencias de la Unión Soviética, difundieron su programa ideológico. En México, a partir de fines de los años treinta, el Fondo de Cultura Popular (FCP) se sumó a los esfuerzos internacionales de difusión cultural de la Unión Soviética. En este artículo analizaré la manera en que estas traducciones contribuyeron a reproducir ciertos discursos políticos e ideológicos. Tomando en cuenta, por una parte, los vínculos entre traducción y militancia, y por la otra, la instrumentalización a la que se somete la escritura de la historia, el artículo sugiere que estas traducciones escenifican las batallas políticas e ideológicas de la época, particularmente, en el terreno de la historiografía. ; Bien que la diffusion du marxisme au Mexique, grâce aux traductions de l'anglais et du français vers l'espagnol, remonte à la fin du XIXe siècle, pendant la Guerre froide les langues parmi lesquelles on traduit, tout comme les discours circulant avec ces traductions se diversifient. Pendant la première moitié du XXe siècle, période où les maisons d'édition latino-américaines connaissent un grand essor, les traductions d'œuvres marxistes-léninistes occupent une place particulière. Les traductions, publiées sous l'égide de l'Académie des sciences de l'Union soviétique, en particulier, contribuent à diffuser son programme idéologique. C'est ainsi que dès la fin des années 1930, El Fondo de Cultura Popular (FCP), au Mexique, se joint aux efforts internationaux qui favorisent la diffusion culturelle de l'Union soviétique. Dans cet article, nous analyserons la manière dont ces traductions ont contribué à reproduire certains discours politiques et idéologiques. Prenant en compte, d'une part, les rapports entre traduction et militantisme, et d'autre part, l'instrumentalisation à laquelle est soumise l'écriture de l'histoire, nous proposons que ces traductions représentent les batailles politiques et idéologiques de l'époque, notamment dans le domaine de l'historiographie.

This overview focuses on translation from a dual perspective: the history of ideas and the history of texts and their agents, including missionaries, printers, booksellers, editors, writers, poets, and diplomats. These translations and their producers intervened in political and cultural movements that were decisive for Mexican cultural identity. In the 16th-18th centuries, translation played a fundamental role in the religious and administrative colonial order. It later went hand in hand with the independence movement and was widely used by the Republican elites in 19th-century Mexico. In the first half of the 20th century, translation was key for political and cultural reconstruction following the Mexican Revolution. Finally, toward the middle of the 20th century, for some intellectuals, translation was a tool in projects aimed at revitalizing indigenous languages and consolidating higher education. Throughout Mexican history, translations have helped represent and mediate between alterities, construct social discourses, disseminate or censor ideologies, and strengthen a national literature. Translators, as social actors inevitably committed to these functions, have increasingly gained visibility through institutional recognition, which has contributed to raising awareness about the importance of translation and fostering academic research on the topic.