Suchergebnisse

Die Analyse setzt sich mit Modellen der Urteilsbildung in den historischen Dramen "Leo Armenius" und "Papinian" von Andreas Gryphius auseinander. Der Fokus der Arbeit liegt auf den staatsrechtlich relevanten Inhalten aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive. Es geht vorwiegend um die Art und Weise, wie der Dichter die Problematik der Grenzen von Machtbefugnissen des Herrschers und die Legitimation eines Eingriffs in diese über die Dramenhandlung und Figurenkonstellation darstellt. Der zweite Bereich setzt sich mit Überlegungen zum Vorhandensein und zur Wirksamkeit überpositiver und positiver Normen in der Frühen Neuzeit auseinander, die der Jurist und Dichter Gryphius in seine Dramen einarbeitet. Aus der Dramenanalyse ergeben sich rechtliche Problemstellungen, die wiederum zu konkreten Urteilsmodellen hinleiten. Letztendlich wird auch versucht, festzumachen, auf welche Weise Gryphius das Dramenpublikum zur Urteilsbildung über staatsrechtliche Themen hinzuleiten vermag. ; Andrea Cattaneo ; Diplomarbeit Universität Klagenfurt 2021

EU Social Dialogue is an institutionalised set of procedural arrangements that can be used to establish a supranational governance in a broad range of policy fields. Sector Social Dialogue constitutes a platform for European representatives on the side of Employers and Employees to discuss matters of common interest. Arrangements concluded in this forum may be ratified by the EU institutions and translated into binding agreements. Where these would constitute collective bargaining agreements, they would escape the application of Competition Law, in light of the social policy that they pursue. The supranational nature of the EU Social Dialogue makes it particularly suitable in the sporting sector. Sport is an industry regulated at transnational level, and the differences within labour disciplines in Member States prevent greater integration. In a system where private regulators set rules that have to be applied and enforced within Member States, Social Dialogue is the best possible instrument to guarantee greater representation of athletes in the governance of the system. A Sectoral Social Dialogue in Football has been already put in place, but so far it has only produced an arrangement player contract minimum requirements. This paper submits that a greater use of Social Dialogue in the sporting sector would enhance the participation of stakeholders in the setting of rules that regulate their conducts. In turn, these could find greater legitimacy if agreed in the forum and this would entail greater compliance with them and a reduction of challenges under EU Competition Law.

ABSTRACTA framework is provided for structuring programs aimed at reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). Crediting reference levels and the coordination among different implementing entities at multiple geographic scales are discussed. A crediting reference level has an error component if it differs from the business-as-usual (BAU) without REDD. Both the BAU emissions and the impact of REDD actions are uncertain, implying that participating in REDD entails stakeholder risk, the distribution of which depends on REDD program design. To categorize REDD architectures we definescale-neutralitywhereby, for a given REDD design, crediting relative to the reference level at a given scale is not affected by errors in reference levels at scales below it. Sufficient conditions are derived for scale-neutrality to hold. A Brazilian Amazon example is provided, comparing potential REDD architectures, and highlighting how a cap-and-trade approach may match the environmental outcome obtainable with perfect foresight of the BAU emissions.

The paper examines how recent trends in agricultural productivity in Brazil, occurring both inside and outside the Amazon, affected deforestation and agricultural incomes. The analysis uses a computable general equilibrium model adapted to capture regional economic structures, and accounts for uncertainty concerning productivity improvements. Due to countervailing effects on deforestation of innovation inside and outside the Amazon – respectively, increasing and decreasing it – innovation in Brazilian agriculture in the period from 1985 to 1995 has not altered substantially deforestation rates. However, innovation inside the Amazon has to be reckoned as a driving force behind the continuing high levels of deforestation rates.Innovation rates for livestock activities, inside and outside the Amazon, prove crucial in determining deforestation and agricultural income. Technological improvements outside the Amazon for small farm production systems and for farms in general in the North-East increase agricultural income, improve income distribution, and limit deforestation rates.

Abstract
The number of people infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome—coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), i.e. the virus causing coronavirus disease (COVID-19), is dramatically increasing worldwide to the size of a pandemic. At the time of writing Italy is ranking first among countries both in terms of number of COVID-19 confirmed cases and in terms of number of deaths. Such a wide spread of COVID-19 has led to concern among workers who are facing the risk of becoming infected during the execution of their duties. We believe it is useful to remark on the need for professional expertise in the field of Occupational Hygiene in this emergency context, in which the indications provided by national and international bodies, the available scientific literature and the legal provisions are constantly and rapidly evolving. It is of fundamental importance that there is an effective analysis of expert inputs, to provide essential guidance to Health, Safety and Environmental managers and other prevention managers in workplaces. In this regard, not only a constant update of the regulatory framework is needed, but also a development and circulation of operational guidance to all the stakeholders to translate general indications into clear operating procedures and implementation tools to be adopted in the workplaces. We believe that the scientific associations in the field of Occupational Hygiene play a crucial role in guiding and assisting prevention professionals. There is considerable expertise in the occupational hygiene and exposure science communities that can help employers and workers to contain and delay the spread of COVID-19. For this reason, the Italian Association of Industrial Hygienists (AIDII—Associazione Italiana degli Igienisti Industriali) published documents containing operational guidelines to provide correct and constantly updated information for: (i) workers employed in essential activities (with low and medium risk of contagion), (ii) health workers and other workers at high or very high risk of contagion, and (iii) for the correct use and handling of personal protective equipment for workers and for the population in general. It is worth pointing out that the documents produced are not intended to replace those produced by authoritative bodies, but to comply with and complete them by reporting an effective summary and further indications about the measures that should be taken in practice under the light of the Italian legislation. At present, the challenge is to produce scientifically sound knowledge, appropriate tools, and effective methodologies, by coordinating the initiatives of different scientific associations, with the final aim to effectively transfer them to employers and workers.