UNOBSERVED COMMON FACTORS IN MILITARY EXPENDITURE INTERACTIONS ACROSS MENA COUNTRIES
In: Defence & peace economics, Band 21, Heft 4, S. 301-316
ISSN: 1476-8267
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In: Defence & peace economics, Band 21, Heft 4, S. 301-316
ISSN: 1476-8267
In: Defence and peace economics, Band 21, Heft 4, S. 301-317
ISSN: 1024-2694
In: Journal of Risk and Uncertainty 58 (71-100)
SSRN
Working paper
In: Journal of risk and uncertainty, Band 58, Heft 1, S. 71-100
ISSN: 1573-0476
In: Defence & peace economics, Band 23, Heft 3, S. 273-288
ISSN: 1476-8267
In: Defence and peace economics, Band 23, Heft 3, S. 273-289
ISSN: 1024-2694
In: Defence & peace economics, Band 28, Heft 4, S. 437-456
ISSN: 1476-8267
In: Cavatorta , E & Smith , R P 2017 , ' Factor Models in Panels with Cross-sectional Dependence : An Application to the Extended SIPRI Military Expenditure Data ' , DEFENCE AND PEACE ECONOMICS , vol. 28 , no. 4 , pp. 437-456 . https://doi.org/10.1080/10242694.2016.1261428
Strategic interactions between countries, such as arms races, alliances and wider economic and political shocks, can induce strong cross-sectional dependence in panel data models of military expenditure. If the assumption of cross-sectional independence fails, standard panel estimators such as fixed or random effects can lead to misleading inference. This paper shows how to improve estimation of dynamic, heterogenous, panel models of the demand for military expenditure allowing for cross-sectional dependence in errors using two approaches: Principal Components and Common Correlated Effect estimators. Our results show that it is crucial to allow for cross-sectional dependence, that the bulk of the effect is regional and there are large gains in fit by allowing for both dynamics and between country heterogeneity in models of the demand for military expenditures.
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Strategic interactions between countries, such as arms races, alliances and wider economic and political shocks, can induce strong cross-sectional dependence in models of military expenditures using panel data. If the assumption of cross-sectional independence fails, standard panel estimators such as fixed or random effects can lead to misleading inference. This paper shows how to improve estimation of dynamic, heterogenous, panel models of the demand for military expenditure allowing for cross-sectional dependence in errors using two approaches: Principal Components and Common Correlated Effect estimators. Our results show that it is crucial to allow for cross-section dependence and there are large gains in it by allowing for both dynamics and between country heterogeneity in demand models of military expenditures. Our estimates show that mean group estimation of error correction models using the Common Correlated Effect approach provides an effective modelling framework.
BASE
In: Economic Development and Cultural Change
ISSN: 1539-2988
In: Tinbergen Institute Discussion Paper 2021-067/V
SSRN
In: Journal of development economics, Band 160, S. 102989
ISSN: 0304-3878
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 76, S. 216-237
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