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[ES] The intensification of international migration flows has now led to multiple reflections on what a correct national migration policy might be. In addition to this trend, in this article we express some considerations on the ethical implications of migration policies. Our starting point is the analysis of two concepts with preferably divergent significance. We refer to the terms 'solidarity and citizenship', the functioning and meaning of which in the 'politically correct' narrative — indefinite and indefinite — we study. The different models of state in the 'western world' are discussed below. This facilitates the understanding of the cultural political factors of international migration, which we discuss in the last section. ; Peer reviewed ; [ES] The intensification of international migration flows has now led to multiple reflections on what a correct national migration policy might be. In addition to this trend, in this article we express some considerations on the ethical implications of migration policies. Our starting point is the analysis of two concepts with preferably divergent significance. We refer to the terms 'solidarity and citizenship', the functioning and meaning of which in the 'politically correct' narrative — indefinite and indefinite — we study. The different models of state in the 'western world' are discussed below. This facilitates the understanding of the cultural political factors of international migration, which we discuss in the last section. ; [EN] The intensification of international migratory flows in recent years has provoked much thinking as to what might be an appropriate national migratory policy. Following this tendency, in this article we present several considerations relating to the ethical implications of migratory policies. Our point of departure for this discussion consists in the analysis of two concepts, which we believe differ in meaning. We refer to the terms solidarity and citizenship, whose function and meaning in "politically correct" discourse (undefined and ...

[EN] The intensification of international migratory flows in recent years has provoked much thinking as to what might be an appropriate national migratory policy. Following this tendency, in this article we present several considerations relating to the ethical implications of migratory policies. Our point of departure for this discussion consists in the analysis of two concepts, which we believe differ in meaning. We refer to the terms solidarity and citizenship, whose function and meaning in "politically correct" discourse (undefined and undefinable) we study in this article. Following this we deal with the different models of the state in the Western world. In this way the understanding of the cultural and political factors of international migration which we analyse in the final section of the article is made easier. ; [ES] La intensificación de los flujos migratorios internacionales ha provocado, en la actualidad, múltiples reflexiones sobre cuál pueda ser una política migratoria nacional correcta. Sumándonos a esa tendencia, en este artículo expresamos algunas consideraciones sobre las implicaciones éticas de las políticas migratorias. Nuestro punto de partida lo constituye el análisis de dos conceptos con significación preferentemente divergente. Nos referimos a los términos solidaridad y ciudadanía, cuyo funcionamiento y sentido en el discurso "políticamente correcto" -indefinido e indefinible- estudiamos. A continuación tratamos los diferentes modelos de Estado en el "mundo occidental". Se facilita así la comprensión de los factores político culturales de las migraciones internacionales, que analizamos en la última sección. ; Peer reviewed

Los inmigrantes emprendedores han tenido que adaptar sus negocios o, incluso, abandonarlos, debido al impacto de la crisis económica que ha afectado de forma muy especial al consumo y, por tanto, a la actividad comercial en general. Para apreciar los cambios habidos en esta etapa se han seleccionado seis ejes urbanos de la ciudad de Madrid, con presencia significativa de negocios de titularidad extranjera, y que los autores habían estudiado en el año 2009. Y se han vuelto a visitar y analizar en 2015. Actualmente, el llamado empresariado étnico, para mantener sus negocios, tiende a captar una clientela más amplia, abandonando una excesiva especialización y mejorando la presencia de los establecimientos comerciales y de los productos y servicios que ofrece.