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"Eurasia's major powers - China, Iran, Russia, and Turkey - increasingly intervene across their borders while seeking to pull their smaller neighbors more firmly into their respective orbits. While analysts have focused on the role of leaders like Vladimir Putin and Recep Tayyip Erdoğan in explaining this drive to dominate neighbors and pull away from the Western-dominated international system, they have paid less attention to the role of imperial legacies. Jeffrey Mankoff argues that what unites these contemporary Eurasian powers is their status as heirs to vast terrestrial empires, namely the Qing, Safavid, Romanov, and Ottoman dynasties. The collapse of these empires in the early twentieth century left all four states deeply entangled with the lands and peoples along their periphery but outside their formal borders. Today they have all found new opportunities to project power within and beyond their borders in patterns shaped by their respective imperial pasts. Relying on a range of primary and secondary sources and dozens of interviews with scholars, officials, analysts, diplomats, business people, journalists, and others across Eurasia, this book offers the first comparative analysis of the role of imperial legacies in shaping 21st century Eurasian geopolitics"--

8. State Intervention in Industry: New Strategy or New Tools?9. Visible and Invisible Hands in Creating and Reducing Overcapacity; 10. How the WTO and FTAs Constrain Chinese Industrial Policy; 11. China and the Negative-List Principle: Possibilities and Uncertainties; Part IV. The 13th Five-Year Plan; 12. China's Five-Year Planning System: Structure and Significance of the 13th FYP; 13. How China's Five-Year Plan Benefits Different Interests; 14. The CCP's Acceptance of Market Principles; 15. Impressions of the 13th FYP Proposal; 16. Wall Street, Financial Markets, and the 13th FYP

"Assesses the current structures of foreign assistance and makes recommendations for efficient coordination. Drawing on expertise from the full range of foreign aid agencies, examines foreign assistance across four categories: security, economic, humanitarian, and political"--Provided by publisher

Finland is remembered for its successful resistance against Soviet attempts to subjugate it during WW2, but less is known about how the Finns preserved their independence during the Cold War. This book tells the story of Finland in the 20th century.

"The New Ice Curtain explores Russia's strategic ambitions for its Arctic region -- an understudied and underappreciated area that encompasses nearly the entire northern coast of Eurasia. As the Russian Arctic produces 20 percent of Russian GDP, 22 percent of its exports, and is home to nearly 2 million of its citizens, Russia's economic future will increasingly depend on robust Arctic development. For Russian president Vladimir Putin, the political, economic, and military stakes could not be higher as increased geopolitical tensions over Ukraine and the imposition of Western economic sanctions may challenge Russia's Arctic ambitions. This timely report examines Russia's economic development strategies and assesses the Arctic nation's military modernization efforts as it seeks to ensure the economic viability of its natural and mineral resources, as well as the Northern Sea Route. The report frames these issues and evaluates their potential impact on Russia's future, as well as the future of bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the Arctic. Finally, this report identifies possible areas to preserve and protect Arctic cooperation in an increasingly tenuous Arctic ecosystem and international environment"--Publisher's web site

"While in much of the Northern Triangle of Central America, the state is either absent or a secondary power, it is clear that 'ungoverned spaces' are in fact governed by one or more of the proliferating non-state actors that control specific geographic space. Rather than a territorial space in anarchy, regions such as those examined in this study operate under unwritten rules governing the social, financial, economic, and political behavior of the inhabitants. As a result, there is a logic amidst the seeming chaos that is the fabric of these societies -- fragmented societies where unspoken laws and social norms are understood and obeyed and where justice, job creation, social services, and the power of life and death are in the hands of non-state actors. This study examines different forms of alternative governance in the absence of a strong state presence in the Northern Triangle of Central America -- along part of the Guatemala-Honduras border -- a region notorious for its soaring homicide rates, corruption, violence, and emigration to the United States. The purpose of the study is to shed light on the complex and interwoven issues that drive the current crisis of governance in the region and spill over with increasing frequency into strategic issues for the United States"--Publisher's web site

Areas of current vulnerabilityChapter 6: Doctrinal Surprise; Many paths to doctrinal surprise; When our own doctrine fails: best laid plans that go astray; Areas of current vulnerability; Chapter 7: Political/Diplomatic Surprise; Diplomacy-Beware the realists; Politics; Areas of current vulnerability; Chapter 8: What to Do? Preparing for and Managing Surprise; General principles; Anticipation; Resilience; Adaptation; Appendix: Vignettes; Strategic Surprise; Vignette #1: Russian Blitz in the Baltics; Vignette #2: China Invades Taiwan; Vignette #3: China Attacks Vietnam; Technological Surprise.

"Fragility"--the combination of poor governance, limited institutional capability, low social cohesion, and weak legitimacy--leads to erosion of the social contract and diminished resilience, with significant implications for peace, security, and sustainable development. This study reviews how the international community has responded to this challenge and offers new ideas on how that response can be improved. Based on that examination, the author seeks to convey the importance of addressing this phenomenon as a high priority for the international community. Chapters explore the nature of these obstacles to sustainable development, peace, and security; how the international community has defined, measured, and responded to the phenomenon of fragility; how the international response might be made more effective; and implications for the United States

The three themes emerge about forces this year: stable plans, disruptive threats, and strategic inflection points. Stable plans refers to the fact that the Obama administration in its last year in office is playing out the strategic approach that it established in the 2014 Quadrennial Defense Review (QDR). Disruptive threats refers to events that have occurred since the 2014 QDR, that were not fully foreseen and that, as a result, upset its strategic vision, in particular, the rise of an aggressive and irredentist Russia, an increasingly assertive China, and ISIS attacks both in the Middle East and globally. Strategic inflection points refer to the installation of a new administration in January 2017 and its charting of a new direction. Outside advice already abounds about what the new administration should do. One thing is clear: the days of speculating about how low forces might be cut are over. A consensus has developed that threats are growing and forces need to grow to meet them. Structure is at its low point, and any changes will be on the up side (assuming continuing budget deals to avoid sequestration)

"Defense Outlook 2016: What to Know, What to Expect is an annual review of what happened in the U.S. Department of Defense in 2015 and what CSIS experts are looking for in 2016. It serves as a roadmap to track where the course of policy and actions relating to strategy, budget, forces, and acquisition has run and what curves lie ahead"--Publisher's web site

In this book, Daniel Kliman argues that the years following September 11, 2001, have marked a turning point in Japan's defense strategy. Utilizing poll data from Japanese newspapers as well as extensive interview material, Kliman chronicles the erosion of normative and legal restraints on Tokyo's security policy. In particular, he notes that both Japanese elites and the general public increasingly view national security from a realpolitik perspective. Japan's more realpolitik orientation has coincided with a series of precedent-breaking defense initiatives. Tokyo deployed the Maritime Self-Def.

This book explores the emerging phenomenon of complex humanitarian emergencies and the evolving policies of the United States in responding to these emergencies. In addition, Andrew Natsios examines the relationship of disaster response to U.S. foreign policy and national interest, and makes suggestions for improving both relief strategies and systems for designing those strategies.||This book explores the emerging phenomenon of complex humanitarian emergencies and the evolving policies of the United States in responding to these emergencies. In addition, Andrew Natsios examines the relationsh