Suchergebnisse

The territory of Jammu and Kashmir is one of the most politically contested and heavily militarised spaces on the planet. It has long been presented as an 'internal dispute', mainly by India, in attempts to sustain power through the project of settler colonialism. In this context, Kashmiri voices are rarely heard and so the conflict remains little understood, with a resolution nowhere in sight. In Nuclear Flashpoint, Farhan Chak reveals how the history, culture, identity and the will of the people of Kashmir has been deliberately obscured to suit ideological agendas. He explores six unique time frames in Kashmiri history - from ancient Kashmir, through the British Raj, to present day. Asking 'who is a Kashmiri?', Chak reviews major misconceptions and exposes how vested interests articulate and interpret them. Chak shines a light on the long cycle of revolt that continues in resistance movements today, and asks us to reconsider Kashmir's ongoing quest for independence.

This article explains how intensifying levels of Durkheim's "anomie"—that is, the weakening of social bonds, social alienation and normlessness—lead to the development of a fundamentalist offshoot of American Evangelicalism termed "Rightest Americanism" and its virulent Islamophobia. To begin, it does so by arguing the anomic condition is not uniform, and a variety of intensities are possible. Consequently, Teymoori, Bastian and Jetten describe "high anomie" as containing high levels of disregulation and disintegration. Adding to that, Chak (2019) argues that at its most intense manifestation "anomie écrasant," it includes value incoherence and moral ambivalence across social spheres leading to high levels of social frustration. Collectively, that intense anomic condition leads to a uniquely "conflicted" cultural milieu that cultivates religiopolitical fundamentalism. And, in the United States, this led to a vitriolic strain within Evangelicalism described as "Rightest Americanism," which weaves together the return of Jesus Christ, the destruction of Al-Aqsa Mosque and Islamophobia into a violent, apocalyptic social imaginary. Not only that, it also advocates for World War III and the end of the world. Now, with the presidency of Donald Trump, there are legitimate concerns on how this dangerous ideology poses a danger to global peace.

This article highlights the exploitation of unaccompanied and separated child refugees in Europe. Critically, the European Union has a manifest responsibility to child refugees, as outlined in both the Geneva Convention (1951) that frameworks the Status of Refugees (1967 Protocol), along with the Charter of Fundamental Rights. Moreover, as signatories to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of a Child, Europe has a moral and legal responsibility to act in the best interests of the child. Unfortunately, EU has failed to comply with the obligations and tens of thousands of children are staying in appalling, exploitative and negligent conditions. At present, at least 170,000 unaccompanied and separated child refugees (UASCR) throughout the European Union are living in extreme duress, violence and/or sexual exploitation.

"What is the natural condition of human beings in the state of nature? What are the circumstances that exist in the state of nature and what may one, convincingly, Claim in regards to human nature? Or, better still, how do we assert and substantiate what we make of it all? Responding to these inquiries, political theorists have put forth a bewildering array of opinions, explaining their perceptions concerning the constitution of human beings and the extant conditions in which they live. The philosophers selected are Aristotle, Thomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, John Locke and Baron de Montesquieu. From each of them, a few key ideas from carefully chosen works will be extracted in order to explain their respective positions on man in nature. Subsequently, following a deconstruction of their viewpoints, this article proceeds to expose the distinct values that lead to an Islamic concept of human beings in the state of nature. It does so by drawing from the Qur'an and Prophetic traditions and, adding to that, includes pivotal political treatises written by Ibn Khaldun and Muhammad lqbal." (author's abstract)