Suchergebnisse

AbstractDecarbonization of the energy system is the key to China's goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. However, the potential of wind and photovoltaic (PV) to power China remains unclear, hindering the holistic layout of the renewable energy development plan. Here, we used the wind and PV power generation potential assessment system based on the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) method to investigate the wind and PV power generation potential in China. Firstly, the high spatial-temporal resolution climate data and the mainstream wind turbines and PV modules, were used to assess the theoretical wind and PV power generation. Then, the technical, policy and economic (i.e., theoretical power generation) constraints for wind and PV energy development were comprehensively considered to evaluate the wind and solar PV power generation potential of China in 2020. The results showed that, under the current technological level, the wind and PV installed capacity potential of China is about 56.55 billion kW, which is approximately 9 times of those required under the carbon neutral scenario. The wind and PV power generation potential of China is about 95.84 PWh, which is approximately 13 times the electricity demand of China in 2020. The rich areas of wind power generation are mainly distributed in the western, northern, and coastal provinces of China. While the rich areas of PV power generation are mainly distributed in western and northern China. Besides, the degree of tapping wind and PV potential in China is not high, and the installed capacity of most provinces in China accounted for no more than 1% of the capacity potential, especially in the wind and PV potential-rich areas.

Intro -- Series Preface -- Contents -- 1 Global Climate Risks and China's Strategies -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Features of Global Climate Risks -- 1.2.1 Global Climate Change -- 1.2.2 Features of Climate Risks in Different Countries and Regions -- 1.2.3 Risks of Global Climate Change -- 1.3 Climate Risk Features in China -- 1.3.1 Changes in China's Climate System -- 1.3.2 Impacts of Climate Change on China's Major Sectors and Regions -- 1.3.3 Climate Change Risks in China -- 1.4 Climate Change Risk Management -- 1.5 Strategies for Strengthening Climate Risk Management in China -- 1.5.1 Value and Strengthen China's Adaptation Ability to Climate Change, Especially to Extreme Weather and Climate Events -- 1.5.2 Strengthen Basic Researches on Climate Change and Natural Disasters -- 1.5.3 Demonstrate and Roll Out Disaster Prevention and Reduction Technologies in Disaster-Prone Areas, Poverty-Stricken Areas and Major National Strategic Areas -- 1.5.4 Set Up a System and Adopt Guaranteeing Measures for Climate Change Risk Management -- 2 Evaluation on the Green and Low-Carbon Development in Chinese Cities -- 2.1 Introduction to the Low-Carbon Index -- 2.2 Results and Discussion -- 2.2.1 Overall Results -- 2.2.2 Performance by City Group -- 2.2.3 Performance by Geographical Region -- 2.2.4 Low-Carbon Pilot Cities Versus Non-pilot Cities -- 2.2.5 Municipalities Directly Under the Central Government -- 2.2.6 First-Tier Cities -- 2.3 Conclusions and Suggestions -- 2.3.1 Conclusions -- 2.3.2 Suggestions -- 3 Evolution and Challenges of the Global Climate Governance System -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 From Kyoto to Paris: A History of the Global Climate Governance System -- 3.2.1 When Global Climate Change Becomes Political (1988-1990) -- 3.2.2 Constitution-Making of Global Climate Governance (1991-1994).

Intro -- Preface I -- Preface II -- Introduction -- Promote Low-Carbon Development for Ecological Progress -- Theories on Development and the Development of Theories -- Implications and Significance of Low-Carbon Development -- The Urgency and Strategies of Low-Carbon Transition -- Contents -- 1 The History of Human Civilization -- 1.1 The Evolution of Human Civilizations -- 1.2 Progress and Perils of the Industrial Civilization -- 1.2.1 The Rapid Development of the Global Economy -- 1.2.2 Energy Resources Concerning the Global Economic Development -- 1.2.3 Global Environmental Problems Across the Globe -- 1.3 Reflections on the Industrial Civilization -- 1.3.1 Reflections of International Communities -- 1.3.2 Reflections of the Chinese Society -- 1.4 Low-Carbon Development Toward Ecological Civilization -- 1.4.1 Essential Concepts of Ecological Civilization -- 1.4.2 The Implications of Ecological Civilization -- 1.4.3 The Reality and Lasting Significance of Ecological Civilization -- 1.4.4 Low-Carbon Development is the Only Way to Ecological Civilization -- 1.5 Summary -- 2 Modern Science of Climate Change and Proposition of Low Carbon -- 2.1 Formation of Climate Change Science -- 2.1.1 Climate Warming and Environmental Issues -- 2.1.2 Human Understanding of Greenhouse Effect -- 2.1.3 International Scientific Research Plans and Scientific Perception -- 2.2 Adapt to and Mitigate Climate Change -- 2.2.1 Effect of Climate Warming on the World and China -- 2.2.2 Mitigating and Adapting to Climate Change -- 2.2.3 China's Actions to Mitigate Climate Change -- 2.3 International Efforts of Tackling Climate Change -- 2.3.1 The Origin of IPCC and Its Role in UNFCCC -- 2.3.2 Main Channels of Tackling Climate Change -- 2.3.3 Other International Mechanisms of Tackling Climate Change.