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Service description frameworks and relevant metadata appear as a key enabler that assists management of resources related to the provision of personalized, efficient and proactive services oriented towards the real citizens' needs. As different authorities typically use different terms to describe their resources and publish them in various Digital Service Registries that may enhance the access to and delivery of governmental knowledge, but also need to communicate seamlessly at a national and pan-European level, the need for a unified digital public service metadata standard emerges. This paper presents the creation of an ontology-based extended metadata set that embraces services, documents, XML Schemas, code lists, public bodies and information systems. Such a metadata set formalizes the exchange of information between portals and registries and assists the service transformation and simplification efforts, while it can be further taken into consideration when applying Web 2.0 techniques in governance. © 2011 Springer-Verlag.

Targeting systematic and formal methods for measuring the impact of interoperability on digital public services is emerging as an important research challenge in electronic government. The eGOVSIM model that is proposed in this paper aims to provide administrations with a tool to calculate the gains from digitising and making interoperable services for citizens and businesses. The paper presents existing methods for calculating the cost of services for the administration and the service consumers, such as the Standards Cost Model (SCM) and the Activity Based Costing (ABC). Then it goes on presenting a toolset for analytical cost calculations based on the various process steps and the information needs of each governmental service. The tool supports the definition of several service provision scenarios, such as front/back office system interoperability, cross-system or cross-organisational interoperability allowing the calculation of time, effort and cost elements and relevant gains from the application of each scenario. © 2010 IEEE.

As electronic Government is increasing its momentum internationally, there is a growing need for the systematic management of the newly defined and constantly transforming services. eGovernment Interoperability Frameworks usually cater for the technical standards of eGovernment systems interconnection, but do not address service composition and use by citizens, businesses or other administrations. An Interoperability Registry is a system devoted to the formal description, composition and publishing of traditional or electronic services, together with the relevant document and process descriptions in an integrated schema. Through such a repository, the discovery of services by users or systems can be automated, resulting in an important tool for managing eGovernment transformation towards achieving interoperability. The paper goes beyond the methodology and tools used for developing such a system for the Greek Government, to population with services and documents, application and extraction of useful conclusions for electronic Government transformation at global level. © 2008 IEEE.

Achieving e-Government objectives requires radical organizational redesign of the public administration. This paper illustrates the results of the first stage of the applied life cycle model, used in designing a public sector ontology. Goal of the specific ontology is to achieve the elimination, or at least reduction, of diversity that appears in the public administration organizational, operational and conceptual models, as far as they depict, organize and codify the knowledge, making it accessible and reusable. Through a common semantic conceptual model, provided by the ontology, public sector bodies will become fully interoperable and able to co-operate, forming a single coherent information and communication system. Copyright 2011 ACM.

As the implementation of e-Government projects is becoming increasingly important in both public and private organizations, the need to successfully tackle project management emerges. Without a project management framework, those who commission an e-government project, those who manage it and also those who work on it will not have the necessary tools to plan, organize, monitor and re-schedule tasks, responsibilities and milestones. The present paper outlines a goal-driven and knowledge-based framework to plan and manage the critical aspects of e-government projects. A specifically designed tool supports the framework application and a lighthouse project of the Greek public sector is presented to illustrate the application context, leading to reusable conclusions on achievements and problems faced. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

There is a growing need for better project management in e-Government endeavors to bring together people with diverse knowledge and skills so they can develop and implement project activities effectively and efficiently. This paper is a research report on eGTPM (e-Government Transformation Project Management) platform, a project management tool which assists implementers and decision-makers in e-Government project planning and control. eGTPM Platform improves most existing commercial tools by integrating goal orientation and dynamic enterprise modeling (DEM) principles into the knowledge building tool developed at the Decision Systems Laboratory in National Technical University of Athens. By employing goal orientation and DEM principles' concepts, eGTPM facilitates communication and collaboration among all involved parties in order to jointly identify project needs and requirements and to reduce the number of changes due to misunderstandings. eGTPM also includes a knowledge based project control advisor which contains heuristic knowledge to guide users to possible design alternatives. The paper describes eGTPM's components and possible directions for future work. © 2010 IEEE.

The implementation of electronic Government projects in public sector organisations is a challenging task, due to technical, organisational and cultural specificities of the domain. Research shows that such IT projects have higher failure rates than similar approaches in the private sector, also indicating the lack of a method to transfer knowledge and apply best management practices in an effective way. The proposed management approach aims to recognise structure and reuse past successful attempts, in ways that support the overall viability of an e-Government project. After stating the fundamental principles of project management that apply to public sector IT projects, the authors present a conceptual model for e-Government project management, including entities such as dimensions, goals, activities, deliverables and roles that can be structured and adapted to cover all types of relevant projects in an out-of-the-box approach. This knowledge base of predefined project components can then be populated and utilised in making more informed decisions for effective project management of e-Government initiatives. This way, the proposed method supports public officials and practitioners in learning from past experience projects and in designing and running e-Government projects in a more systematic manner, thus, significantly increasing the likelihood of project success. Copyright © 2010, IGI Global.

The expansive growth in implementation of e-Government initiatives combined with the high rate of failures has exponentially increased the interest in locating and applying the appropriate project management procedures. E-Government project management is identified as an area with an inherent need for reusing and exchanging information. Ontologies, by modelling concepts and their relationships, make possible descriptions of domains in a machine processable way. A feature like that is especially useful in the field of e-Government project management. Public administration officials, decision makers, implementers and politicians, show great interest in reusing and exchanging information concerning project management procedure, in an attempt to standardize the management operation, reuse of existing knowledge, improve collaboration and increase successful rates. The present paper presents an e-Government project management ontology comprised of the main concepts that should be managed during project implementation. It intends to encourage collaboration for the excellence and productivity of the management of e-Government project processes and enable the interoperability and reuse of knowledge between all factors and stakeholders related to the implementation of such types of projects. Copyright 2009 ACM.

Digital government applications are providing more and more electronic services on-line, for citizens and businesses worldwide. However, the new services are in many cases an exact electronic equivalent of existing manual services, thus failing to significantly reduce administrative burden and provide the promised productivity gains - both for the administrations and the final users. Interoperability Registries, as fully electronic repositories of the flow, the input and output documents and relevant standardization, pose as an infrastructure that can support electronic services composition and publishing. In the presented approach, the use of such registries is extended to cover the optimization of manual or electronic services towards citizens and businesses, through the use of Business Process Management and XML Authoring tools. Going beyond the current state of the art, the approach implies a model-driven transformation of service provision. The resulting infrastructure can then become a ubiquitous system, supporting service composition, automated execution and optimization. © 2009 IEEE.

In the dawn of the Semantic Web era, metadata appear as a key enabler that assists management of the e-Government resources related to the provision of personalized, efficient and proactive services oriented towards the real citizens' needs. As different authorities typically use different terms to describe their resources and publish them in various e-Government Registries that may enhance the access to and delivery of governmental knowledge, but also need to communicate seamlessly at a national and pan-European level, the need for a unified e-Government metadata standard emerges. This paper presents the creation of an ontology-based extended metadata set for e-Government Resources that embraces services, documents, XML Schemas, code lists, public bodies and information systems. Such a metadata set formalizes the exchange of information between portals and registries and assists the service transformation and simplification efforts, while it can be further taken into consideration when applying Web 2.0 techniques in e-Government. © 2009 Springer Berlin Heidelberg.

In the effort of Governments worldwide to effectively transform manual into electronic services, semantic interoperability issues pose as a key challenge: system-to-system interaction asks for standardized data definitions, codification of existing unstructured information and a framework for managing governmental data in a unified way. Integrating and extending recent developments in Germany, Hong-Kong, UK and US governments - but also eBusiness interoperability research results in Europe, the proposed approach is applied within the Greek e-Government Framework and bears the following steps: (a) Gathering and analysis of governmental service forms at field level, so that common structures can be identified, (b) Customization of UN/CEFACT Core Components, (c) Semiautomatic XML Schema Definition (XSD) files creation, using sets of naming, structuring and verification rules, (d) Adoption of international or development of country-specific Codelists, (e) Development of guidance material for the application of the approach by government officials at central or local level. Discussion on the results is targeting best practice examples that can be drawn at scientific and organizational level, but also the key difficulties that have to be tackled - in relevance with the administrations and industry readiness in each country. Future steps include enhancing the paradigm in order to cover vertical data standards and applying the approach to other EU or associated countries. © Universidad de Talca.

Targeting systematic and formal description methods for interoperability levels of public sector organisations and systems is emerging as an important research challenge in interoperability for governments and administrations. The Government Interoperability Maturity Matrix (GIMM) that is proposed in this paper aims to provide administrations with a simple, self-evaluation method that can be used to assess the current status of the

As the role of government in the society is undergoing continuous change, consensus is starting to build around the potential that collaborative technologies have in the field of governance and policy modeling. For effective citizen empowerment and participation to become mainstream, at a greater scale, several challenges will have to be faced, which will require new tools to be developed. The research questions underlying the present paper are: which new ICT-enabled governance models and methods of monitoring, interaction, collaboration for policy making and enforcement are emerging, and which policy modelling mechanisms can be implemented in order to effectively involve citizens in decision making? The paper starts addressing these issues by defining the problem statement and discussing the changing role of the government in the Information Society, also proposing some elements for a conceptualisation of ICT for governance and policy modelling. It further presents the evolving debate on the e-Government and e-Governance agenda developments, as well as the state of the art and the limitations of research in these fields. Main emerging trends and future prospects within the evolving public sector are then anticipated in order to draw some preliminary conclusions outlining the challenges ahead and future research in the field of ICT for governance and policy modelling. © 2012 IEEE.

This paper describes a methodology for the systematic exploitation of the emerging web 2.0 social media by government organizations in the processes of public policies formulation, aiming to enhance e-participation, in combination with established simulation modeling techniques and tools. It is based on the concept of 'Policy Gadget' (Padget), which is a micro web application combining a policy message with underlying group knowledge in social media (in the form of content and user activities) and interacting with citizens in popular web 2.0 locations in order to get and convey their input to policy makers. Such 'Padgets' are created by a central platform-toolset and then deployed in many different Web 2.0 media. Citizens input from them will be used in various simulation modeling techniques and tools (such as the 'Systems Dynamics'), which are going to simulate different policy options and estimate their outcomes and effectiveness. A use case scenario of the proposed methodology is presented, which outlines how it can be used in 'real life' public policy design problems. © 2010 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

In taking forward both the Government Modernization and the Civil Service Reform agendas, renewed emphasis is being placed on project management approaches and techniques for achieving objectives more effectively and efficiently. After elaborating on specific electronic government project implementation challenges and giving an overview of state-of-the-art project management approaches, the paper examines the weaknesses of three commonly used methods in the light of the e-Government project challenges. The analysis identifies gaps in the methods, contributing to a better understanding of the factors that lead to success or failure. The resolution of such methodological limitations could lead to the enhancement of project management methods when applied to future projects. © 2009 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.