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AbstractLarge-scale microdata on group identity are critical for studies on identity politics and violence but remain largely unavailable for developing countries. We use personal names to infer religion in South Asia—where religion is a salient social division, and yet, disaggregated data on it are scarce. Existing work predicts religion using a dictionary-based method and, therefore, cannot classify unseen names. We provide character-based machine-learning models that can classify unseen names too with high accuracy. Our models are also much faster and, hence, scalable to large datasets. We explain the classification decisions of one of our models using the layer-wise relevance propagation technique. The character patterns learned by the classifier are rooted in the linguistic origins of names. We apply these to infer the religion of electoral candidates using historical data on Indian elections and observe a trend of declining Muslim representation. Our approach can be used to detect identity groups across the world for whom the underlying names might have different linguistic roots.

"Violence of Democracy examines the rise of majoritarian politics in India through a close examination of a decades-long series of confrontations in the Kannur district of Kerala between members of the Communist Party of India and supporters of two right-wing parties, Rashtriya Swayam Sevak Sangh and Bharatiya Janata Party. Drawing on extensive ethnographic fieldwork in the region, Ruchi Chaturvedi investigates the unique political character of the violent conflict between the 'party left' and the 'Hindu right', which does not correspond neatly to divisions along ethnic, racial, religious, or linguistic lines. The book draws attention to how this partisan conflict is mediated and perpetuated by legitimate institutions of democratic rule, including local trial courts. Although situated in a close examination of the particular nuances of Kerala, Violence of Democracy provides broader insights into the phenomenon of political violence in majoritarian democracies throughout the postcolonial world"--

Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 An Introduction: A Critical Geopolitics of 'Climate Fear/Terror': Roots, Routes and Rhetoric -- 2 Climate 'Science': Categories, Cultures and Contestations -- 3 Terrorizing Climate Territories and Marginalized Geographies of the Post- Political -- 4 The Violence of Climate 'Markets': Insuring 'Our Way of Living' -- 5 'Climate Borders' in the Anthropocene: Securitizing Displacements, Migration and Refugees -- 6 Climate Security and Militarization: Geo- Economics and Geo- Securities of Climate Change