Suchergebnisse

The article discusses the problems arising under customs procedure of imported and exported consumables for scientiic research. The new Сustoms Сode of the Eurasian Economic Union, which came into force on January 1, 2018, is designed to simplify and accelerate customs procedures through the improvement of administration and the introduction of information technology. The article analyses to what extent the novelties of legislation contribute to increasing the efectiveness of those research organizations and universities, which use imported materials for research and development. The study was performed on the bases of surveys conducted by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation among research and educational institutions in 2014 and 2015 with the aim of forming a list of VAT-free imported supplies and reagents, analogues of which are not produced in Russia, and a survey of 2017 on the diiculties of import and export of materials for scientiic research, which are subject to prohibitions and restrictions. The analysis of the diiculties arising in interaction of scientiic organizations and universities with customs authorities made it possible to identify four main groups of problematic issues: (1) the diiculties in determining the code of the Customs Commodity Code; (2) imperfection of legal acts regulating customs procedures; (3) problems arising from interaction with government agencies, which are responsible for monitoring and supervising (4) high and (or) unpredictable costs of customs clearing. The new Customs Code allows solving some problems of the 2nd type. Within the framework of further improvement of the customs legislation, it is proposed to develop a mechanism to facilitate the simpliication of customs procedures for organizations engaged in scientiic, technical and innovative activities. As a measure of reliable and uninterrupted provision of universities and scientiic organizations with materials for research imported from abroad, it is recommended to create a Competence ...

This article presents the indings of the study focused on operation of research core facilities in foreign countries. The main aim of the research is to identify the most promising methods of raising the eiciency of research infrastructure, based on the study focused on operation of university core facilities in developed countries. The core facilities of the leading universities of the U. S., Germany, United Kingdom and France were selected for the study. The research focused on the human resource management, sources of funding and management tools applied in research core facilities. The results showed that research core facilities in developed countries experience the problems typical for their Russian peers: decreasing inancial support from the government, lack of highly qualiied researchers and managers and low marketing activity. As the national governments in most developed countries are cutting support for science, the quantity and quality of services provided to external users is growing dramatically. The article addresses various methods of cost reduction at research core facilities that are free of negative impact on service quality. The conclusion is drawn that adaptation of foreign experience in the Russian research core facilities will need, irst and foremost, to cultivate the employees' entrepreneurship consciousness and ability.

Introduction. Natural science collections play a prominent role in the study of nature and species evolution, conservation of biological resources of the planet, ensuring nation's food security and solving fundamental and applied problems in the various sciences. The increasing role of collections determines the need for effective management of collection funds, safe and reliable storage of samples and information about them meeting the world-class standards, enhancing accessibility to original samples and digitized databases. Nonetheless the legal status of collections negatively affects the availability of public funding allocated to scientific infrastructure. Underfunding of natural science collections is the challenge of global relevance. But the situation of Russian scientific collections is compounded by the fact that the current legislation regulating research infrastructure considers only two types of objects (core facilities and large-scale research facilities). Since scientific collections do not belong to any of these categories, they are not eligible for government funded support of research infrastructure. To organize earmarked financing of natural science collections government spending agencies need criteria for their valuation. The aim of this paper is to analyze the applicability in the Russian Federation of the system for the valuation of natural science collections implemented in the Netherlands and to propose recommendations for its further development. Methods. The study is based on the results of monitoring of Russian core research facilities and large-scale research facilities and on the analysis of international experience of evaluation of natural science collections. Results and Discussion. In the discussed method for natural science collections evaluation, all collection items are divided into 4 groups according to significance level - from A to D. The advantages of the method include the possibility of obtaining a generalized collections ranking index based on their size and ...

The article addresses the issues of the government policy for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The main focus is on the practical aspects of implementation of the government-funded SubProgramme for SMEs development of the Government Programme of the Russian Federation for Economic Development and Innovative Economy. The key goals, tools and results of the SubProgramme are presented. The authors discuss the opportunities provided by the Program, as well as the barriers faced by enterprises striving to develop their innovation capacity with assistance of the Program. The case of a small manufacturing company with high innovation potential is described to highlight the contradictions of the regulatory framework for SMEs support. The procedure of conirmation of SME status has been simpliied. However, some of legal entities, which fall within the deinition of a Small Enterprise provided by the Federal Law On the development of small and medium-size businesses in the Russian Federation, lost the opportunity to conirm their status as a result of these changes. The need to disseminate the government support to a broader category of companies is articulated in the article. The case of a small manufacturing company with high innovation potential is described to highlight the contradictions of the regulatory framework for SMEs support. It is argued that poor business environment and unavailability of inancial sources have the most signiicant negative impact on SMEs performance. Currently applied terms of lending turn to be unacceptable even for the SMEs participating in the government-funded program. It is demonstrated that the government is trying to solve the problem of low market demand for the products of SMEs in ''manual mode'' – by putting pressure on large companies. It is concluded that the main focus of the government should be to set up a favorable economic and legal environment for SMEs development.

Introduction. For many research and development organisations, the prompt supply of consumables is a prerequisite for efficient operation. The article presents changes made to the regulations governing the procurement of consumables for research and development, as well as the assessment of these changes provided by universities and scientific organisations. Monitoring Tools. This work utilises analysis, generalisation and interpretation of the rule of law. Stakeholder surveys were conducted to collect information on the effectiveness of rulemaking in the field of procurement. Results. A survey of senior and middle managers in science and higher education institutions showed that regulatory deficiencies are the main obstacle to simplifying the procurement of research and development materials. In recent years, the state has taken a number of consistent steps to adjust the regulatory legal framework in the field of procurement. Despite the measures taken, procurement procedures remain excessively long and laborious. Conclusion. To improve the supply of universities and scientific organisations with consumables, it is necessary to optimise procedures within organisations, further efforts to improve legislation, as well as explanatory work on the part of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia about existing opportunities to improve consumable procurement process efficiency within the framework of current legislation. ; For citation: Chechenkina TV, Korepanov KV, Ulanov ED Monitoring the Legislation Governing the Procurement of Materials for Research and Development and Assessing Its Effectiveness Based on Surveys of Universities and Research Organizations. Science Governance and Scientometrics. 2021;16(2):242-263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33873/2686-6706.2021.16-2.242-263