Suchergebnisse

Government-initiated immigrant and refugee-related programs seem to have encountered problems that are, at least in part, due to a lack of research on the critical functions of immigrant and refugee serving non-governmental organizations in Canadian cities. Ethnic organizations not only provide culturally sensitive services but also, along with the mainstream non-governmental organizations, play key roles in facilitating the integration of immigrants. This study, based on a sample of 41 ethnic and mainstream non-governmental organizations, and government organizations, serving immigrants and refugees in Winnipeg, Manitoba, attempts to delineate the features, roles, issues and concerns of these organizations. After presenting relevant theoretical frameworks and the research methodology, this paper provides a descriptive analysis of these organizations involved in providing services to immigrants and refugees. Furthermore, this study looks at some policy implications and emphasizes the need to include ethnic and mainstream non-governmental organizations as partners in the immigration policy review process.

The concept of nonviolence (Ashima) has been central to India's religious & philosophical traditions since the Vedic period (1500-900 BC) & the writing of the Upanishads. The Hindu, Buddhist, Jain, & Devotional schools of philosophy & social reform have all valued nonviolence. Philosophers, writers, & religious leaders continued to develop the concept of nonviolence in the eighteenth-twentieth centuries. Mahatma Ghandi used nonviolence as a national ethic & argued that religion & nonviolence must be lived as well as preached. It is suggested that Ghandi's message to practice nonviolence can lead to social harmony. Adapted from the source document.

This paper attempts to show the unique dynamics of the Lingayat family and community in the context of societal change. Population growth, urbanization, education, occupational mobility and migration seems to be the key factors in the process of change. The analysis is based on intergenerational, historical, ethnographic, participant and non-participant observation, and interview data. The issue of continuity in the process of change is addressed. The specific focus is the relationship between the Lingayat religious ideology, family and community values. The characterstics and trends of continuity and change of the Lingayat family and community in India and in North America are examined. In the light of empirical research, the theories of modernization and change are reviewed.

Using documentary & other data for 1985/86, the patterns of interdependence & linkages of communities within Canada with their international networks in Third World countries are delineated, with special reference to people-centered sustainable development of communities in less-developed nations. The roles of governmental & nongovernmental organizations & community/citizen participation in development processes, & the nature & quality of local participation in micro-macro linkage, are considered. Demonstrated is how the Canadian International Development Agency, despite political & economic constraints, has encouraged citizen participation & self-help in the Third World; in fact, Canadian citizen participation in local-global affairs has been significant. A new paradigm of global development is presented, & it is argued that problem-solving mechanisms should be developed in a global context on a long-term basis, & through international cooperation. It is emphasized that the present global crises & development challenges demand a fundamental change in national governmental structures & international institutions & organizations with regard to popular participation. 2 Illustrations, 37 References. Modified AA