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Abstract
From global production network (GPN) theory, this study explores the configurations of emerging Southern market-driven production networks through the case of China's industrial robot industry which has emerged with increasing automation in production. This paper argues that to serve the Chinese high- and middle-end customers, global lead firms from Western economies have established regional production networks by localising production, connecting with global component suppliers in/outside China and collaborating with Chinese system integrators. However, Chinese capable firms have organised domestic production networks for the low and middle-end through integrating with domestic component suppliers and system integrators. This study adapts the GPN framework, mostly highlighting Western markets, by examining markets and firms in the Global South and revealing new configurations of production networks.

AbstractThrough applying exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) and confirmatory spatial data analysis (CSDA), this paper examines the space–time dynamics of innovation at the provincial level in China from 2000 to 2011. We first investigate the trend of regional inequality in innovation in China and then use ESDA methods to visualize the space–time relationship between patent applications and innovation determinants. Impacts of innovation determinants on the space–time dynamics of innovation are also examined by analyzing the knowledge production function with the spatial panel Durbin model. Knowledge spillovers from both the R&D and the innovation outcome perspectives are highlighted in CSDA. We have found an increasingly intensified coastal–interior divide with growing spatial clusters and more innovative activities in the coastal region. We have also found a close space–time relationship between innovation and its determinants. Lastly, innovation spillovers cross province boundaries, and knowledge from a province's neighboring provinces has substantial effects on innovation activities of the province. This paper highlights positive knowledge spillover effects between regions, the close relationship between innovation and its determinants, and the importance of spatial externalities in innovation activities.

Public environmental cognition is an important basis for optimizing environmental management and reducing tensions between humans and land. Although the level of environmental cognition is a gradual process under normal conditions, it often changes qualitatively because of major public emergencies. During the 2019 new coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19), the most significant public health event in recent years, 24,188 national samples were obtained based on a network survey. The comprehensive evaluation method was used to assess the impact of major public events on public environmental cognition and the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution. The findings are as follows. (1) During the epidemic period, sudden public health emergencies effectively promoted the national residents' environmental awareness, whether urban residents or rural; most respondents generally agreed with the concept of "respect nature and cherish life". (2) The environmental cognition of national residents was higher in the northwest and lower in the northeast of China, which is suitable for economic and social development and humanistic tradition. (3) There was a clear positive correlation between environmental awareness and education level. (4) During the epidemic, nervousness of respondents had a negative effect on environmental cognition. This study provides scientific support and a basis for decision making for the government to carry out environmental management optimization and improve the ecological and environmental cognition of the public, as well as devise effective intervention mechanisms with different time and space dimensions for similar future public health emergencies.