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Wie Afrika den Herausforderungen der Globalisierung begegnen und Entwicklung initiieren kann, ist das Thema des Autors. Er favorisiert einen Mittelweg zwischen einer staatszentrierten und einer rein marktwirtschaftlichen Entwicklungsstrategie. Bei sechs Themenkomplexen unternimmt er eine Bestandsaufnahme der Problemlage und entwickelt Elemente einer aus seiner Sicht Erfolg versprechenden Entwicklungsstrategie: Demokratie, Demokratisierung der politischen Systeme und Partizipation; das Erziehungs- und Bildungssystem und seine Reform; ländliche und landwirtschaftliche Entwicklung; regionale Kooperation und Wirtschaftsintegration; Stadt und Verstädterung; und Wiederaufbau der kriegszerstörten Gesellschaften. Der Autor endet mit einem "wake-up call" für seine Mit-Afrikaner. (DÜI-Sbd)

The policy of dependent development, while benefiting local elites and western interest in the short-term, have bankrupted Third World economies to a point of mortaging the future of the silent majority in developing countries. In the face of growing marginalization of the majority of the people in Africa and elsewhere in the Third World, the major western development institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank continue to advise Third World governments for intensive application of conventional development models which created these economic and social problems in the first place. In these pages the author incisively explains the fall-out of dependent development-Kenya

Text of the Inaugural Thandika Mkandawire Annual Memorial Lecture presented at the 3rd edition of the Social Policy in Africa Conference convened virtually from 22–24 November 2021.



Fantu Cheru, Emeritus Professor of International Political Economy, American University, Washington, DC. Email: cherufantu@gmail.com

The world is at a critical juncture: there is the opportunity to come together to pursue a common agenda, or it can break into opposing groups based on differences in income, interests, religion or race. Globalisation exacerbates this tension between opportunity and threats. The most keenly felt tension is the sense that globalisation creates greater inequality in an already unequal world. If the world is unequal, then it must be undemocratic as well. As a result, globalisation and democracy come togetheras simultaneous challenges. As far as Africa is concerned, the challenge is how to gain voice in global governance.

As Africa enters the 21st century, it faces mounting challenges as well as new opportunities. Unlike in the 1980s and the 1990s, however, the conditions for Africa's sustained growth and development are more favourable today than ever before. As a result of economic reforms the overall growth has been in excess of 4.5 percent annually since the mid 1990s. There is greater consensus among Africans now than at any previous time on what needs to be done to accelerate growth, reduce poverty and promote sustainable development. The positive response of Africa's international partners enhances the prospects for sustaining the progress. Africa is also benefiting from a commodity boom and increased investment in infrastructure and the extractive industry sector. But many questions remain unanswered. The most pressing question is how Africa can best benefit from the rise of the Asian giants, China and India. ; CONTENTS -- Rural poverty, food insecurity and the struggle for resources -- The urban challenge in Africa -- Conflict prevention and post-conflict transformation -- Africa and the World Trading System -- Roadmaps to Africa's renewal: Global and local dimensions