Suchergebnisse

Purpose: In line with epidemiological and sociocultural changes in Korea over the past decades, reliable estimation of diseases as a result of dietary and metabolic risks is required. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the contributions of dietary and metabolic factors to cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) in Korean adults (25–64 years old) during 2012–2013. Materials and Methods: Distribution of risk factors and cause-specific mortality by gender and age per year was obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and Statistics Korea, respectively. The association between the two was obtained from published meta-analyses. The population-attributable fraction attributable to the risk factors was calculated across gender and age strata (male and female, age groups 25–34, 35–44, 45–54, and 55–64) in 2012 and 2013. Results: The results showed that during the period studied, high body mass index [5628 deaths; uncertainty intervals (UIs): 5473– 5781] and blood pressure (4202 deaths; UIs: 3992–4410) were major metabolic risks for CMD deaths, followed by dietary risks such as low intake of whole grain (4107 deaths; UIs: 3275–4870) and fruits (3886 deaths; UIs: 3227–4508), as well as high intake of sodium (2911 deaths, UIs: 2406–3425). Also, males and the younger population were seen more prone to be exposed to harmful dietary risk than their female and older counterparts. Conclusion: The findings provide the necessary information to develop targeted government interventions to improve cardiometabolic health at the population level.

Funder: Government Department of Business ; Funder: Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) ; Funder: Vice-Chancellor Fellowship from the University of Bristol ; Funder: Shanghai Thousand Talents Program ; Funder: Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) Springboard Award ; Funder: BBSRC Innovation fellowship ; Funder: NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol ; BACKGROUND: This study was to systematically test whether previously reported risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are causally related to CKD in European and East Asian ancestries using Mendelian randomization. METHODS: A total of 45 risk factors with genetic data in European ancestry and 17 risk factors in East Asian participants were identified as exposures from PubMed. We defined the CKD by clinical diagnosis or by estimated glomerular filtration rate of 25 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: Eight cardiometabolic risk factors showed causal effects on CKD in Europeans and three of them showed causality in East Asians, providing insights into the design of future interventions to reduce the burden of CKD. ; This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank resource under Application Numbers '40135' and '15825'. J.Z. is funded by a Vice-Chancellor Fellowship from the University of Bristol. This research was also funded by the UK Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit [MC_UU_00011/1, MC_UU_00011/4 and MC_UU_00011/7]. J.Z. is supported by the Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) Springboard Award, the Wellcome Trust, the Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), the British Heart Foundation and Diabetes UK [SBF006\1117]. This study was funded/supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol (G.D.S., T.R.G. and R.E.W.). This study received funding from the UK Medical Research Council [MR/R013942/1]. J.Z., Y.M.Z. and T.R.G are funded by a BBSRC Innovation fellowship. J.Z. is supported by the Shanghai Thousand Talents Program. Y.M.Z. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81800636]. H.Z. is supported by the Training Program of the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [91642120], a grant from the Science and Technology Project of Beijing, China [D18110700010000] and the University of Michigan Health System–Peking University Health Science Center Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research [BMU2017JI007]. N.F. is supported by the National Institutes of Health awards R01-MD012765, R01-DK117445 and R21-HL140385. R.C. is funded by a Wellcome Trust GW4 Clinical Academic Training Fellowship [WT 212557/Z/18/Z]. The Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study) is a collaboration between HUNT Research Centre (Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trøndelag County Council, Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. M.C.B. is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) Skills Development Fellowship [MR/P014054/1]. S.F. is supported by a Wellcome Trust PhD studentship [WT108902/Z/15/Z]. Q.Y. is funded by a China Scholarship Council PhD scholarship [CSC201808060273]. Y.C. was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0900500, 2016YFC0900501 and 2016YFC0900504]. The China Kadoorie Biobank baseline survey and the first resurvey were supported by a grant from the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. The long-term follow-up is supported by grants from the UK Wellcome Trust [202922/Z/16/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z and 104085/Z/14/Z]. Japan-Kidney-Biobank was supported by AMED under Grant Number 20km0405210. P.C.H. is supported by Cancer Research UK [grant number: C18281/A19169]. A.K. was supported by DFG KO 3598/5–1. N.F. is supported by NIH awards R01-DK117445, R01-MD012765 and R21-HL140385. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health.

BACKGROUND: This study was to systematically test whether previously reported risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) are causally related to CKD in European and East Asian ancestries using Mendelian randomization. METHODS: A total of 45 risk factors with genetic data in European ancestry and 17 risk factors in East Asian participants were identified as exposures from PubMed. We defined the CKD by clinical diagnosis or by estimated glomerular filtration rate of 25 kg/m2. CONCLUSIONS: Eight cardiometabolic risk factors showed causal effects on CKD in Europeans and three of them showed causality in East Asians, providing insights into the design of future interventions to reduce the burden of CKD. ; This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank resource under Application Numbers '40135' and '15825'. J.Z. is funded by a Vice-Chancellor Fellowship from the University of Bristol. This research was also funded by the UK Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit [MC_UU_00011/1, MC_UU_00011/4 and MC_UU_00011/7]. J.Z. is supported by the Academy of Medical Sciences (AMS) Springboard Award, the Wellcome Trust, the Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS), the British Heart Foundation and Diabetes UK [SBF006\1117]. This study was funded/supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol (G.D.S., T.R.G. and R.E.W.). This study received funding from the UK Medical Research Council [MR/R013942/1]. J.Z., Y.M.Z. and T.R.G are funded by a BBSRC Innovation fellowship. J.Z. is supported by the Shanghai Thousand Talents Program. Y.M.Z. is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81800636]. H.Z. is supported by the Training Program of the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Foundation of China [91642120], a grant from the Science and Technology Project of Beijing, China [D18110700010000] and the University of Michigan Health System–Peking University Health Science Center Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research [BMU2017JI007]. N.F. is supported by the National Institutes of Health awards R01-MD012765, R01-DK117445 and R21-HL140385. R.C. is funded by a Wellcome Trust GW4 Clinical Academic Training Fellowship [WT 212557/Z/18/Z]. The Trøndelag Health Study (the HUNT Study) is a collaboration between HUNT Research Centre (Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology), Trøndelag County Council, Central Norway Regional Health Authority and the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. M.C.B. is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) Skills Development Fellowship [MR/P014054/1]. S.F. is supported by a Wellcome Trust PhD studentship [WT108902/Z/15/Z]. Q.Y. is funded by a China Scholarship Council PhD scholarship [CSC201808060273]. Y.C. was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFC0900500, 2016YFC0900501 and 2016YFC0900504]. The China Kadoorie Biobank baseline survey and the first resurvey were supported by a grant from the Kadoorie Charitable Foundation in Hong Kong. The long-term follow-up is supported by grants from the UK Wellcome Trust [202922/Z/16/Z, 088158/Z/09/Z and 104085/Z/14/Z]. Japan-Kidney-Biobank was supported by AMED under Grant Number 20km0405210. P.C.H. is supported by Cancer Research UK [grant number: C18281/A19169]. A.K. was supported by DFG KO 3598/5–1. N.F. is supported by NIH awards R01-DK117445, R01-MD012765 and R21-HL140385. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health.