Suchergebnisse

Despite the popularity of the importation model, the majority of previous institutional misconduct research has used individual characteristics, such as race, prior record, education, and sex as proxies to test this theory. This study examines particular oppositional beliefs and values found in Anderson's "code of the street" through an analysis of self-report data from 951 adult male prison inmates in South Korea. This study fills a void in previous research by examining direct impacts of imported belief systems on inmate interpersonal aggression toward fellow inmates and correctional officers.

Hirschi has repeatedly argued that the relationship between social learning variables and crime is a product of "self-selection" driven by low self-control (LSC). Akers' has suggested that social learning mechanisms, such as affiliations with deviant individuals and acceptance of criminal definitions, can mediate the effects of LSC on crime. Interestingly, there has been little comparative work done to explore this mediation hypothesis in the realm of substance use for offender populations outside of the United States. This study helps fill these gaps in the literature by exploring the potential mediation effects of social learning variables on the relationship between LSC and inhalant use among a sample of 739 male offenders in South Korea. Our results provide strong support for the mediation hypothesis that LSC indirectly influences self-reported inhalant use through social learning mechanisms.

Crime victimization is one of the most stressful negative events and brings numerous adverse outcomes to victims. Victims suffer from physical damage, property loss, psychological trauma, and behavioral problems. Many studies have examined these adverse consequences of crime victimization, but a comprehensive approach for victims who are school-aged girls has been relatively under-documented. To fill the gap in the literature, this study analyzes data from a nationally representative sample of Korean school-aged girls (N = 3762). The results of the regression analyses indicate that previous victimization is associated with lower life satisfaction, increased negative emotions, and a fear of crime, and appears to elevate the risk of revictimization and delinquent behavior. It is concluded that victims should be treated with appropriate resources and support to reduce future adverse outcomes.

ObjectiveWe aim to explore antisocial behavior in sports using an integrated criminological framework that includes self‐control theory, control balance theory, and social learning theory.MethodsA total of three‐hundred and ninety‐seven (n = 397) professional soccer players in Iran were surveyed.ResultsStructural equation modeling was used to assess these data, with results indicating that antisocial behavior occurs via a process of learning. The concepts of differential associations, differential reinforcement, imitation, and definitions all emerged as important factors in the development of antisocial behaviors.ConclusionWhile prosocial behaviors represent a basic requirement of sports, the presence was antisocial behaviors remains prevalent. The employment of integrated criminological theory can serve as an effective means to measure and explain antisocial behavior using a sample of Iranian soccer players. This study indicates that antisocial behaviors are learned through social interactions and therefore policy remedies must focus on the social dynamics that drive these negative behaviors.

ObjectiveThis study investigates the social factors affecting playing through pain and injury of professional athletes, using Akers's social learning theory (SLT).MethodsPropositions of SLT were examined using a sample of 784 athletes from Rasht and Bandar Anzali in Iran.ResultsFindings from structural equation modeling indicated that the social learning components (i.e., differential association, differential reinforcement, imitations, and definitions) predicted 33 percent of the variance in athletes' playing through pain and injury.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that athletes' playing through pain and injury is determined by the social setting in which the athlete plays, through his or her interactions with other sports culture members, the internalization of desirable definitions, imitation of others, and the assessment of personal and social benefits.