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AbstractIn this article, we show how Annemarie Mol's notion of ontological politics helps to open up the research agenda for cyber security in Critical Security Studies. The article hence seeks to further the debate about STS and Critical Security Studies. The article's main claim is that the concept of ontological politics enables an engagement with the complex and transformative dynamics of ICT and the new security actors and practices that shape security politics in the digital age. By examining the virulent attacks executed by the Mirai botnet – one of the world's largest, fiercest, and most enduring botnets – we point to four aspects of cyber security that attention to the ontological politics of cyber security attunes us to: the proliferation and entanglement of security agencies, actors, sites, and spaces. These aspects of cyber security, we argue, are becoming increasingly prominent alongside the development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G network technology. In conclusion, we discuss the wider security theoretical and normative-democratic implications of an engagement with the ontological politics of security by exploring three avenues for additional conversation between ontological politics and Critical Security Studies.

International audience ; The global consequences of climate change calls for adoption of new technologies across all sectors of society. However, it is important to know how fast new technologies are adopted to reach the political climate goals. This paper presents a method for designing agent-based simulations for studying technology adoption. The method includes the design of simulation population, agent adoption logic, and external factors influencing agents' adoption decisions. A case study of the Danish commercial greenhouses' adoption of a smart energy solution is investigated. The result is presented with Roger's technology adoption curve which can be used to demonstrate the desired adoption rate by regulating different simulation parameters. The adoption rate of 50% with the return on the investment of 3 and 5 years is investigated. The greenhouse segment of growing pot plants with an area of more than 20,000 m2 is found to be the innovators. The simulation result shows that the population categories of the 'innovators', 'early adopters', and 'early majority' don't change between the return on investment time of 3 and 5 years. Furthermore, the relation of the return on investment time and the initial cost is close to linear. Hence, a lower/higher initial cost will result in a shorter/longer return on investment time.

International audience ; The global consequences of climate change calls for adoption of new technologies across all sectors of society. However, it is important to know how fast new technologies are adopted to reach the political climate goals. This paper presents a method for designing agent-based simulations for studying technology adoption. The method includes the design of simulation population, agent adoption logic, and external factors influencing agents' adoption decisions. A case study of the Danish commercial greenhouses' adoption of a smart energy solution is investigated. The result is presented with Roger's technology adoption curve which can be used to demonstrate the desired adoption rate by regulating different simulation parameters. The adoption rate of 50% with the return on the investment of 3 and 5 years is investigated. The greenhouse segment of growing pot plants with an area of more than 20,000 m2 is found to be the innovators. The simulation result shows that the population categories of the 'innovators', 'early adopters', and 'early majority' don't change between the return on investment time of 3 and 5 years. Furthermore, the relation of the return on investment time and the initial cost is close to linear. Hence, a lower/higher initial cost will result in a shorter/longer return on investment time.

International audience ; The global consequences of climate change calls for adoption of new technologies across all sectors of society. However, it is important to know how fast new technologies are adopted to reach the political climate goals. This paper presents a method for designing agent-based simulations for studying technology adoption. The method includes the design of simulation population, agent adoption logic, and external factors influencing agents' adoption decisions. A case study of the Danish commercial greenhouses' adoption of a smart energy solution is investigated. The result is presented with Roger's technology adoption curve which can be used to demonstrate the desired adoption rate by regulating different simulation parameters. The adoption rate of 50% with the return on the investment of 3 and 5 years is investigated. The greenhouse segment of growing pot plants with an area of more than 20,000 m2 is found to be the innovators. The simulation result shows that the population categories of the 'innovators', 'early adopters', and 'early majority' don't change between the return on investment time of 3 and 5 years. Furthermore, the relation of the return on investment time and the initial cost is close to linear. Hence, a lower/higher initial cost will result in a shorter/longer return on investment time.