Suchergebnisse

The article aims to show the changes in shares of added value coming from Chinese information and communications technology (ICT) services to European manufacturing in total value-added inflows (the servicification of European manufacturing with Chinese ICT services). The study focused on Chinese ICT servicification of European transport equipment and computer, electronic, and electrical equipment. The study tried to answer two questions: (a) whether the servicification of European manufacturing with Chinese ICT services increases, expressed by the growing share of Chinese value-added among partners providing services to European manufacturing and (b) whether an economy's relative position and participation in global value chains (GVCs) has impact on the servicification of European manufacturing with Chinese ICT. The study proved that the shares of inflows of Chinese ICT into European manufacturing have increased. Moreover, both higher relative position and participation in GVCs boost the servicification of European manufacturing.

Transformations and integration processes of post-communist European states have resulted in changes in the production process across borders. The main objective of this article is to present the positions of post-communist states in terms of cross-border input–output linkages. The analysis takes advantage of both the conventional methods of comprehensive study of global value chains and the advanced methods and measures examining the role of Central and Eastern Europe in global value chains in general and in sectoral terms. Findings of the study suggest that more integrated are countries with grater connections to Western European countries, especially Germany; a large share of exported goods from the post-communist states passes through GVCs in Western Europe, and exporters from post-communist states are usually located more in downstream segments of production than in upstream markets.

The article attempts to assess the economic potential of West Africa, using the taxonomic methods, formulate policy recommendations, and identify potential geographic directions of cooperation with the West African countries. It consists of four sections. The first part of the article characterizes the economies of West Africa in terms of their economic potential. The second section presents research methods and data applied in taxonomic analysis. Part three of the article discusses the results of taxonomic analysis. In the last part of the article we attempted to formulate recommendations for the economic policy of European countries and the strategies of European enterprises in stimulating expansion in the West African countries.

Trade relations between Poland and China remain asymmetric. The introduction of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and its related formats was intended to balance trade relations between China and its trading partners. The study aims to track the value-added flows between Poland and China. Two research questions were posed: 1) whether Chinese initiatives aimed at balancing trade relations are reflected in more balanced flows of added value between Poland and China; 2) whether the role of Poland as a supplier of added value to China is growing as a result of the introduction of BRI and related initiatives. The study used Inter-Country Input-Output in input-output models. The findings show that Poland's position in global production links with China has deteriorated in many industries and plays a minor role in the Chinese industry. On the other hand, BRI had a very limited impact on balancing the value-added flows between China and Poland only in a few industries.

The aim of this article is to present the current state of Polish economic cooperation with selected countries in West and East Africa. Its implementation takes place in the broader context of the opportunities and risks to development processes of African countries. The first part of the article defines the possible barriers and opportunities, and on their basis the perspectives of the future development of this group of countries. Part two focuses the discussion on the characterization of the economies of West and East Africa in terms of their economic potential. Part three of the article presents trade and investment flows between Poland and its selected partners from these two regions in the years 1994-2013. The article assumes the division of Africa into regions as developed by the United Nations. The article is the result of the research project "Theoretical, institutional and empirical conditions and premises of economic potentials synergies of African countries and Polish economy" financed by the National Science Centre, Poland (decision no. DEC-2012/07/B/HS4/00743"). ; Narodowe Centrum Nauki

This paper seeks to analyse directions in foreign trade in the post communist countries of Europe over the years 2000–2012 in the context of changes observed in other EU states. It was assumed that changes in the directions of foreign trade in post-communist states would be similar to those noted in Western Europe. On the basis of data derived from the OECD, EUROSTAT and OECD-WTO we show that the trading rules used by the old EU-15 adopted by those countries have brought them measurable benefits. As a result, the post-communist economies have become similar to those of the EU-15. Considering the structure of their trade and links with the EU-15, it is apparent that they have become the main trading and investment partners for the European Union. Hence, their integration with the EU structures made their development faster, but also made them more sensitive to industrial and demand shocks coming from the eurozone. It is predicted that the present model is not going to change, especially in the context of the participation in production networks.