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Este artículo describe investigación sobre los efectos de la desambiguación morfosintáctica usada como un preproceso de un analizador sintáctico profundo basado en HPSG, en el contexto del desarrollo de un treebank del español de código abierto, en el entorno de DELPH-IN. La anotación treebank se realiza manualmente tomando las decisiones apropiadas entre las opciones propuestas por el sistema y ordenadas por un módulo estadístico. Los experimentos presentados muestran que el uso de un etiquetador reduce la ambigüedad de las frases, y contribuye a limitar la cantidad de frases cuyo análisis sobrepasa el límite de tiempo, y ayuda a al módulo estadístico a clasificar el árbol correcto entre los n mejores. Por un lado, nuestros resultados validan los beneficios ya reportados en la literatura de tal preproceso de análisis profundo con respecto a la velocidad, cobertura y precisión. Por otro lado, proponemos una estrategia basada en existentes herramientas de código abierto y recursos para desarrollar con alta consistencia treebanks de sintaxis profunda para idiomas con limitada disponibilidad de recursos lingüísticos. ; This paper describes research on the effects of PoS tagging as a preprocess for HPSG-based deep parsing in the context of an open-source Spanish treebank development in the DELPH-IN framework. The treebank annotation is performed by hand selecting the proper decisions among the choices proposed by the system and ranked by a statistical module. The presented experiments show that the use of a tagger lowers the ambiguity of the sentences, both reducing the amount of sentences that reach time-out before the entire parse forest is built, and helping the ranker to place the right tree among the n-best trees. On the one hand, our results validate the benefits –already reported in the literature– of such preprocess to deep parsing with regard to speed, coverage, and accuracy. On the other hand, we propose a strategy based on existing open-source tools and resources to develop highly-consistent deep-annotated treebanks for languages with limited availability of linguistic resources. ; This work has been partially funded by the European Union through project X-LIKE (FP7-ICT-2011-288342), by the Spanish Government through the programe Ramón y Cajal and the project KNOW2 (TIN2009-14715-C04-03/04), and by the Catalan Government via the mobility programe Beques per a estades per a la recerca fora de Catalunya.

En este artículo presentamos un nuevo sistema para el reconocimiento de nombres propios en español. Este sistema está basado en el algoritmo CSSR (Causal-States Splitting Reconstruction) (Shalizi and Shalizi, 2004) que aprende un autómata de estados finitos partiendo de datos secuenciales. Los resultados obtenidos son ligeramente peores que los mejores sistemas presentados en la "shared task" del CoNLL 2002, pero dada la simplicidad de los atributos utilizados, estos resultados son realmente prometedores y creemos que pueden ser fácilmente mejorados introduciendo más información al sistema. ; In this work, a new Named Entity Recognition system for Spanish is presented. This system is based on Causal-State Splitting Reconstruction algorithm (Shalizi and Shalizi, 2004), which learns a finite automaton from data sequences. The obtained results are slightly below the best systems presented in CoNLL 2002 shared task, though given the simplicity of the used features, they are really promising. Furthermore, we think that these results can be easily improved by introducing more information in the system. ; This research is being funded by the Catalan Government Research Department (DURSI), by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology (ALIADO TIC2002-04447-C02) and by the European Comission projects: Meaning (IST-2001-34460) and CHIL (IST-2004-506909).

Presentamos las conclusiones de la primera Jornada del Processament Computacional del Català, celebrado en Barcelona en marzo del 2009. ; We present the conclusions of the first Jornada del Processament Computacional del Català, held in Barcelona on March 2009.

Epidemiological studies show that adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) increases longevity; however, few studies are restricted to Mediterranean populations or explore the effect of a MD pattern that directly incorporates olive oil. Therefore the relationship between adherence to the MD and mortality was studied within the the Spanish cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Spain). The EPIC-Spain analysis included 40 622 participants (37·7% males) aged 29–69 years who were recruited from five Spanish regions in 1992–1996. During a mean follow-up of 13·4 years, 1855 deaths were documented: 913 from cancer, 399 from CVD, 425 from other causes and 118 from unknown causes of death. Risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality was assessed according to the level of adherence to a relative MD (rMED) score, measured using an 18-unit scale incorporating nine selected dietary components. A high compared with a low rMED score was associated with a significant reduction in mortality from all causes (hazard ratio (HR) 0·79; 95% CI 0·69, 0·91), from CVD (HR 0·66; 95% CI 0·49, 0·89), but not from overall cancer (HR 0·92; 95% CI 0·75, 1·12). A 2-unit increase in rMED score was associated with a 6% (P,0·001) decreased risk of all-cause mortality. A high olive oil intake and moderate alcohol consumption contributed most to this association. In this Spanish cohort, following an olive oil-rich MD was related to a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, and reduced the risk of mortality from CVD. These results support the important role that the MD pattern has on reducing mortality in Mediterranean countries. ; The present study was supported by the European Commission (DG-SANCO), the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), the Health Research Funds (FIS) of the Spanish Ministry of Health (grant no. Exp P10710130) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III; the Spanish Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (no. 6236) and Navarra and the Catalan Institute of Oncology, and Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (RTICC) (grant no. C03/10, R06/0020).

BACKGROUND: Life expectancy is increasing in Europe, yet a substantial proportion of adults still die prematurely before the age of 70 years. We sought to estimate the joint and relative contributions of tobacco smoking, hypertension, obesity, physical inactivity, alcohol and poor diet towards risk of premature death. METHODS: We analysed data from 264,906 European adults from the EPIC prospective cohort study, aged between 40 and 70 years at the time of recruitment. Flexible parametric survival models were used to model risk of death conditional on risk factors, and survival functions and attributable fractions (AF) for deaths prior to age 70 years were calculated based on the fitted models. RESULTS: We identified 11,930 deaths which occurred before the age of 70. The AF for premature mortality for smoking was 31 % (95 % confidence interval (CI), 31–32 %) and 14 % (95 % CI, 12–16 %) for poor diet. Important contributions were also observed for overweight and obesity measured by waist-hip ratio (10 %; 95 % CI, 8–12 %) and high blood pressure (9 %; 95 % CI, 7–11 %). AFs for physical inactivity and excessive alcohol intake were 7 % and 4 %, respectively. Collectively, the AF for all six risk factors was 57 % (95 % CI, 55–59 %), being 35 % (95 % CI, 32–37 %) among never smokers and 74 % (95 % CI, 73–75 %) among current smokers. CONCLUSIONS: While smoking remains the predominant risk factor for premature death in Europe, poor diet, overweight and obesity, hypertension, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol consumption also contribute substantially. Any attempt to minimise premature deaths will ultimately require all six factors to be addressed. ; This work was supported by the French Social Affairs & Health Ministry, Department of Health (Direction Générale de la Santé). The work undertaken by David C Muller for this project was performed during the tenure of an IARC-Australia fellowship supported by Cancer Council Australia. Elio Riboli was supported by the Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre funded by the National Institute of Health Research of UK. The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by the European Commission (DG-SANCO) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The national cohorts are supported by Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France); Deutsche Krebshilfe, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum and Federal Ministry of Education and Research (Germany); the Hellenic Health Foundation (Greece); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Nordic Centre of Excellence programme on Food, Nutrition and Health. (Norway); Health Research Fund (FIS), PI13/00061 to Granada, Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia (no. 6236) and Navarra, ISCIII RETIC (RD06/0020) (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Scientific Council and County Councils of Skåne and Västerbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C570/A16491 to EPIC-Oxford), Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk) (United Kingdom).