Suchergebnisse

This book analyzes the expanding crime opportunities created by the Internet and e-commerce, and it explains how concepts of crime prevention developed in other contexts can be effectively applied in this new environment. The authors note that the Internet and associated e-commerce constitute a lawless "wild frontier" where users of the Internet can anonymously exploit and victimize other users without a high risk of being detected, arrested, prosecuted, and punished. For acquisitive criminals who seek to gain money by stealing it from others, e-commerce through the Internet enables them to "hack" their way into bank records and transfer funds for their own enrichment. Computer programs that are readily available for download on the Web can be used to scan the Web for individual computers that are vulnerable to attack. By using the Internet addresses of other users or using another person's or organization's computers or computing environment, criminals can hide their trails and escape detection. After identifying the multiple opportunities for crime in the world of e-commerce, the book describes specific steps that can be taken to prevent e-commerce crime at particular points of vulnerability. The authors explain how two aspects of situational crime prevention can prevent Internet crime. This involves both a targeting of individual vulnerabilities and a broad approach that requires partnerships in producing changes and modifications that can reduce or eliminate criminal opportunities. The authors apply the 16 techniques of situational crime prevention to the points of vulnerability of the e-commerce system. The points of vulnerability are identified and preventive measures are proposed. In discussing the broad approach of institutionalized and systemic efforts to police e-commerce, the book focuses on ways to increase the risks of detection and sanctions for crime without undue intrusions on the freedom and privacy of legitimate Internet and e-commerce users

1. Situational crime prevention : the home office origins / Pat Mayhew and Mike Hough -- 2. On being crime specific : observations on the career of R.V.G. Clarke / Derek B. Cornish and Martha J. Smith -- 3. Ferruginous ducks, low hanging fruit and Ronald V. Clarke's world of crime science / Nick Ross -- 4. Happy returns : ideas brought back from situational crime prevention's exploration of design against crime / Paul Ekblom -- 5. Linking situational crime prevention and focused deterrence strategies / Anthony A. Braga and David M. Kennedy -- 6. Situational crime prevention makes problem-oriented policing work : the importance of interdependent theories for effective policing / John E. Eck and Tamara D. Madensen -- 7. Ron Clarke's contribution to improving policing : a diffusion of benefits / Michael S. Scott and Herman Goldstein -- 8. Vulnerability of evaluators of problem-oriented policing projects / Johannes Knutsson -- 9. Evaluation for everyday life / Mike Maxfield -- 10. Using rational choice and situational crime prevention to inform, interpret, and enhance public surveillance efforts : a three-city study / Nancy La Vigne -- 11. Spatial displacement and diffusion of crime control benefits revisited : new evidence on why crime doesn't just move around the corner / David Weisburd and Cody Telep -- 12. Suicide and opportunity : implications for the rationality of suicide / David Lester -- 13. Ron and the schiphol fly / Ken Pease and Gloria Laycock -- 14. Exploring the person-situation interaction in situational crime prevention / Richard Wortley -- 15. A rational choice analysis of organized crime and trafficked goods / Mangai Natajaran -- 16. The structure of angry violence / Marcus Felson -- 17. Extending the reach of situational crime prevention / Graeme R. Newman and Joshua D. Freilich -- 18. Contrasting hotspots : did the opportunist make the heat? / Kate Bowers and Shane Johnson -- 19. Situating situational crime prevention : anchoring politically palatable crime reduction strategy / Paul J. Brantingham and Patricia L. Brantingham.

1. Introduction / Karen Bullock, Ronald V. Clarke and Nick Tilley -- 2. Situational crime prevention and cross-border crime / Edward R. Kleemans, Melvin R.J. Soudijn and Anton W. Weenink -- 3. Preventing organised crime : the case of contraband cigarettes / Klaus von Lampe -- 4. Sex trafficking : a target for situational crime prevention? / James O. Finckenauer and Ko-lin Chin -- 5. Situational prevention of organised timber theft and related corruption / Adam Graycar and Marcus Felson -- 6. Situational organised crime prevention in Amsterdam : the administrative approach / Hans Nelen -- 7. Mortgage fraud and facilitating circumstances / Barbra van Gestel -- 8. Infiltration of the public construction industry by Italian organised crime / Ernesto U. Savona -- 9. Situational prevention against unlawful influence from organised crime / Lars Korsell and Johanna Skinnari -- 10. Organised crime and crime scripts : prospects for disruption / Graham Hancock and Gloria Laycock -- 11. Policing mobile criminality : towards a situational crime prevention approach to organised crime / Stuart Kirby and Sue Penna.

Situational crime prevention is the art and science of reducing opportunities for crime. This book documents the application of a situational prevention approach to various organized crimes such as sex trafficking, cigarette and drug smuggling, timber theft, mortgage fraud, and corruption of private professionals and public officials.

1. Introduction : towards a theory of situational crime prevention / Graeme Newman -- 2. Rational choice and the legal model of the criminal / Marcel Alexander Niggli -- 3. 'Limited rationality' and crime / Karl-Dieter Opp -- 4. Reconsidering the role of opportunity in situational crime prevention / Richard Wortley -- 5. Situational aspects of violence / S. Giora Shoham -- 6. Realism, situational rationality and crime prevention / Nick Tilley -- 7. Situational crime prevention and the utilitarian tradition / Pietro Marongiu and Graeme Newman -- 8. Situational crime prevention and the utilitarian theories of Jeremy Bentham / Graeme Newman and Pietro Marongiu -- 9. Wartime operational research in Britain and situational crime prevention / Leslie T. Wilkins -- 10. Criminology in crisis and the social demand for crime prevention / Gaetana Russo -- 11. Philosophical justifications of situational crime prevention / Rene Seve -- 12. The ethics of situational crime prevention / Marcus Felson and Ronald V. Clarke -- 13. On the displacement of repeat victimization -- 14. Predicting the future : the roles of routine activity and rational choice theory / Ken Pease.