Suchergebnisse

In the first part of this paper, it is argued that Popper's understanding of Plato's notion of freedom is fundamentally flawed because he begins with the unexamined assumptions of modern liberalism. Subsequently, in the second section, it is shown through philological analysis that the ancient notion of freedom (eleutheria) must be understood primarily in terms of a social and political condition that is the opposite of slavery (douleia) or of living under a tyranny. Finally, the third section of the paper considers Plato's criticism of the demotic notion of freedom, as well as the dialectical strategy through which he subsumes it under his aristocratic ideal of freedom as rational self-control.

Environmental water pollution affects human health and reduces the quality of our natural water ecosystems and resources. As a result, there is great interest in monitoring water quality and ensuring that all areas are compliant with legislation. Ubiquitous water quality monitoring places considerable demands upon existing sensing technology. The combined challenges of system longevity, autonomous operation, robustness, large-scale sensor networks, operationally difficult deployments and unpredictable and lossy environments collectively represents a technological barrier that has yet to be overcome[1]. Ubiquitous sensing envisages many aspects of our environment being routinely sensed. This will result in data streams from a large variety of heterogeneous sources, which will often vary in their volume and accuracy. The challenge is to develop a networked sensing infrastructure that can support the effective capture, filtering, aggregation and analysis of such data. This will ultimately enable us to dynamically monitor and track the quality of our environment at multiple locations. Microfluidic technology provides a route to the development of miniaturised analytical instruments that could be deployed remotely, and operate autonomously over relatively long periods of time (months–years). An example of such a system is the autonomous phosphate sensor[2] which has been developed at the CLARITY Centre, in Dublin City University. This technology, in combination with the availability of low power, reliable wireless communications platforms that can link sensors and analytical devices to online databases and servers, form the basis for extensive networks of autonomous analytical 'stations' or 'nodes' that will provide high quality information about key chemical parameters that determine the quality of our aquatic environment. The system must also have sufficient intelligence to enable adaptive sampling regimes as well as accurate and efficient decision-making responses. A particularly exciting area of development is ...

The ever increasing demand for real time environmental monitoring is currently being driven by strong legislative and societal drivers. Low cost autonomous environmental monitoring systems are required to meet this demand as current monitoring solutions are insufficient. This poster presents an autonomous nutrient analyser platform for water quality monitoring. Results from a field trial of the nutrient analyser are reported along with current work to expand the range of water quality targets.

Dieses Buch wirft Licht auf das Vertragswerk, das die Regeln und Normen für die Kriegsführung zwischen Staaten festlegt. In einer Welt, die zunehmend von bewaffneten Konflikten geprägt ist, bietet dieses Buch eine Analyse der Haager Landkriegsordnung, ihrer Anlagen und ergänzenden Dokumente. Es stellt nicht nur die historischen Kontexte vor, in denen diese wegweisende Konvention geschaffen wurde, sondern auch die Verhandlungen und Debatten, die zu ihrer Ratifizierung führten.Dieses Buch untersucht die Bedeutung der zentralen Artikel und legt die zugrunde liegenden Rechtsprinzipien offen. Es stellt die Haager Landkriegsordnung in Bezug zu anderen wichtigen internationalen Verträgen wie den Genfer Konventionen dar und diskutiert ihre Anwendung und Missachtung in den beiden Weltkriegen, während des Kalten Krieges und in jüngeren Konflikten des 21. Jahrhunderts, bis hin zum Ukraine-Krieg.Das Werk beleuchtet auch die Herausforderungen und Kritikpunkte, die die Haager Landkriegsordnung in einer sich verändernden globalen Landschaft gegenübersteht, einschließlich technologischer Entwicklungen wie Cyberkrieg und Drohnen. Mit Diskussionen über politische und ethische Debatten sowie Reformvorschläge rundet dieses Buch das umfangreiche Thema ab und stellt es in den aktuellen globalen Kontext

Environmental legislation such as the EU Water Framework Directive is providing a significant impetus towards increased monitoring of natural waters. The widespread availability of autonomous, field deployable systems which can provide long-term, reliable, high frequency data on key water quality parameters via wireless communications would allow a significant improvement in our ability to monitor the quality of our natural water resources. An autonomous sensor for the analysis of a key nutrient, phosphate, in water has been developed by National Centre for Sensor Research (NCSR) researchers in Dublin City University. This sensor incorporates microfluidic technology, colorimetric chemical detection, and wireless communications into a compact and rugged portable device. The prototype system has been successfully deployed for extended periods at Osberstown Wastewater Treatment Plant, Co. Kildare, and at Swords Estuary, Co. Dublin to monitor phosphate levels over periods of up to several months. Current work is focused on the commercialisation of the prototype phosphate analyser. This work is being performed in collaboration with EpiSensor Ltd., a Limerick based SME with expertise in wireless communications, sensor design and data collection systems. The next generation phosphate system will be linked with EpiSensor's reliable and secure 'sensor to database' or SiCA platform. All major components of the analyser have been evaluated and redesigned with a view to reducing cost, power consumption and size, while maintaining sensor accuracy and reliability. The commercial system mass and internal volume have both been reduced by a factor of 7 compared with the prototype system, while component costs have been reduced by a factor of 10. GSM communications on the prototype were replaced with EpiSensors ultra low power ZigBee radio. The system uses 20μl of reagent per reaction cycle and can carry out approximately 1400 measurements using a single lithium battery. The result is a low cost, low power and portable phosphate ...