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Front. Plant Sci. ISI Document Delivery No.: DN3IR Times Cited: 0 Cited Reference Count: 71 Lopez, Rosana Cano, Francisco J. Choat, Brendan Cochard, Herve Gil, Luis Marie Curie fellowship-People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Program FP7 under REA grant [624473]; Spanish Ministry of Science [AGL2009-10606]; National Parks Authority [SPIP2014-01093] We are grateful to the Canary Islands Government and the Cabildos of Tenerife and Gran Canaria for longstanding support in the study of Canary Island pine. We thank all people involved in the plantation and measurements of the provenance trials and to Christian Bodet and Pierre Conchon for their assistance with the Cavitron in France and Martin Venturas with the centrifuge in Spain. RI, was supported by a Gonzalez Esparcia fellowship during her stay in Clermont-Ferrand and currently holds a Marie Curie fellowship-People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013/ under REA grant agreement [624473]. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science in the Project AGL2009-10606 (VULCAN) and by the National Parks Authority through the project SPIP2014-01093 (PersPiCan). The inspiring discussions during the meetings of the COST action STReESS (COST-FP1106) helped to improve the manuscript. Frontiers media sa Lausanne ; International audience ; Water availability has been considered one of the crucial drivers of species distribution. However, the increasing of temperatures and more frequent water shortages could overcome the ability of long-lived species to cope with rapidly changing conditions. Growth and survival of natural populations adapted to a given site, transferred and tested in other environments as part of provenance trials, can be interpreted as a simulation of ambient changes at the original location. We compare the intraspecific variation and the relative contribution of plasticity to adaptation of key functional traits related to drought resistance: ...

Front. Plant Sci. ISI Document Delivery No.: DN3IR Times Cited: 0 Cited Reference Count: 71 Lopez, Rosana Cano, Francisco J. Choat, Brendan Cochard, Herve Gil, Luis Marie Curie fellowship-People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Program FP7 under REA grant [624473]; Spanish Ministry of Science [AGL2009-10606]; National Parks Authority [SPIP2014-01093] We are grateful to the Canary Islands Government and the Cabildos of Tenerife and Gran Canaria for longstanding support in the study of Canary Island pine. We thank all people involved in the plantation and measurements of the provenance trials and to Christian Bodet and Pierre Conchon for their assistance with the Cavitron in France and Martin Venturas with the centrifuge in Spain. RI, was supported by a Gonzalez Esparcia fellowship during her stay in Clermont-Ferrand and currently holds a Marie Curie fellowship-People Program (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Program FP7/2007-2013/ under REA grant agreement [624473]. This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science in the Project AGL2009-10606 (VULCAN) and by the National Parks Authority through the project SPIP2014-01093 (PersPiCan). The inspiring discussions during the meetings of the COST action STReESS (COST-FP1106) helped to improve the manuscript. Frontiers media sa Lausanne ; International audience ; Water availability has been considered one of the crucial drivers of species distribution. However, the increasing of temperatures and more frequent water shortages could overcome the ability of long-lived species to cope with rapidly changing conditions. Growth and survival of natural populations adapted to a given site, transferred and tested in other environments as part of provenance trials, can be interpreted as a simulation of ambient changes at the original location. We compare the intraspecific variation and the relative contribution of plasticity to adaptation of key functional traits related to drought resistance: vulnerability to cavitation, efficiency of the xylem to conduct water and biomass allocation. We use six populations of Canary Island pine growing in three provenance trials (wet, dry, and xeric). We found that the variability for hydraulic traits was largely due to phenotypic plasticity, whereas, genetic variation was limited and almost restricted to hydraulic safety traits and survival. Trees responded to an increase in climate dryness by lowering growth, and increasing leaf-specific hydraulic conductivity by means of increasing the Huber value. Vulnerability to cavitation only showed a plastic response in the driest provenance trial located in the ecological limit of the species. This trait was more tightly correlated with annual precipitation, drought length, and temperature oscillation at the origin of the populations than hydraulic efficiency or the Huber value. Vulnerability to cavitation was directly related to survival in the dry and the xeric provenance trials, illustrating its importance in determining drought resistance. In a new climatic scenario where more frequent and intense droughts are predicted, the magnitude of extreme events together with the fact that plasticity of cavitation resistance is only shown in the very dry limit of the species could hamper the capacity to adapt and buffer against environmental changes of some populations growing in dry locations.