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ABSTRACTThe census is a social fact, the outcome of a process that involves the interaction of public laws and institutions and citizens' responses to an official inquiry. However, it is not a 'hard' fact. Reasons for inevitable defects in the census count are listed in the first section; the second section reports efforts by the US Census Bureau to identify sources of error in census coverage, and make estimates of the size of the errors. The use of census data for policy purposes, such as political representation and allocating funds, makes these defects controversial. Errorsmaybe removed by making adjustments to the initial census count. However, because adjustment reallocates resources between groups, it has become the subject of political conflict. The paper describes the conflict between statistical practices, laws and public policy about census adjustment in the United States, and concludes by considering the extent to which causes in America are likely to be found in other countries.

Political ramifications of census errors and adjustment methods. Problems of counting the homeless and immigrants, and defining ethnic groups.

It is argued that the US Census -- which involves interactions betwen public laws, governmental institutions, & citizens' responses to official inquiries -- is a social fact, but is not, however, an objective measure of all people living within the US borders. Reasons for the inevitable defects in the census count, & attempts by the US Census Bureau to identify the sources of error & estimate their impact are identified. Although it is possible to compensate for sampling errors, the use of census data for policy purposes (economic & political reallocations between groups) has long meant that statistical adjustments to the initial census counts are politically contentious. The reasons underlying this political conflict are explored, & the extent to which it concomitantly stems from causes outside the US is considered. 2 Tables, 63 References.

The purpose of this article is threefold: (1) to trace the history of recall in Washington, including the enactment of our present recall statutes and their fundamental principles; (2) to examine the reasons behind the apparent judicial retreat from those principles; and (3) to propose amendments to the present recall statutes to implement the constitutional intent.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Glossary of Technical Terms -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Fundamentals of Coverage Measurement -- 3 Plans for the 2010 Census -- 4 Technical Issues -- 5 Analytic Use of Coverage Measurement Data -- References and Bibliography -- Appendix A: A Framework for Components of Census Coverage Error -- Appendix B: Logistic Regression for Modeling Match and Correct Enumeration Rates -- Appendix C: Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff -- Committee on National Statistics.

"Planning for the 2020 census is already beginning. This book from the National Research Council examines several aspects of census planning, including questionnaire design, address updating, non-response follow-up, coverage follow-up, de-duplication of housing units and residents, editing and imputation procedures, and several other census operations. This book recommends that the Census Bureau overhaul its approach to research and development. The report urges the Bureau to set cost and quality goals for the 2020 and future censuses, improving efficiency by taking advantage of new technologies."--Publisher's description

Front Matter -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Preface -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Census Methodology -- 3 Reconsideration of Important Census Bureau Decisions -- 4 Evaluation of Some Common Arguments Against ICM-Based Adjustment of the Census -- 5 Research and Experimentation and Data Collection During the Census -- Glossary of Relevant Census Terms -- References -- Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Acronyms -- Executive Summary -- -1 - Introduction -- -2 - Real Reengineering: Technical Infrastructure and Business Process -- -3 - Modernizing Geographic Resources -- -4 - American Community Survey -- -5 - The 2003 and 2004 Census Tests -- -6 - Conclusions and Future Work -- Bibliography -- Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff.

Front Matter -- Contents -- Tables and Figures -- Acknowledgments -- Executive Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Census Bureau Estimation Procedure -- 3 Alternative County Models -- 4 Evaluations -- 5 Recommendation for Title I Allocations for the 1998-1999 School Year -- 6 Future Research and Development for County Estimates -- APPENDIX A Models for County and State Poverty Estimates -- APPENDIX B Population Estimates -- APPENDIX C Regression Diagnostics on Alternative County Regression Models -- APPENDIX D County Model Comparisons with 1990 Census Estimates -- References -- Biographical Sketches, Panel Members and Staff.

Intro -- FrontMatter -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Existing Guidelines Related to Transparency -- 3 Benefits and Costs of Transparency: Views from Three Statistical Agencies -- 4 Benefits and Costs of Transparency: Views from the United Kingdom and Canada -- 5 Two U.S. Examples: SAIPE and LEHD -- 6 Operationalizing Transparency -- 7 Summarizing Day 1 -- 8 Standards for Metadata and Work Processes -- 9 Possible Next Steps -- Appendix A: Workshop Agenda -- Appendix B: List of Participants -- Committee on National Statistics.

In 1982 the Census Bureau requested the Committee on National Statistics to establish a panel to suggest research and experiments, to recommend improved methods, and to guide the Census Bureau on technical problems in appraising contending methods with regard to the conduct of the decennial census. In response, the panel produced an interim report that focused on recommendations for improvements in census methodology that warranted early investigation and testing. This report updates and expands the ideas and conclusions about decennial census methodology. In preparing this online edition, the panel's study directors, Constance Citro (currently, CNSTAT director) and Michael Cohen (currently, CNSTAT senior program officer), carefully proofread the original text only to correct previously undetected typographical and formatting errors