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Preface --. - Acknowledgments --. - List of abbreviations --. - Part I. The spiritual background to the Imamate Shi'a --. - Ithna A'shariyyah and the first half of the 20th century: 1. The story of the Shi'a --. - 2. The revival of the Shi'a after the Qajars --. - Part II. The Baha'i faith and the emergence of the Hojjatiyeh: 3. The Baha'i faith and its origins in Shi'a Islam and despair --. - 4. The Hojjatiyeh Society --. - Part III. Post-revolution era and the Hojjatiyeh as counter-revolutionaries movement: 5. Danger ahead --. - challenging Khomeini --. - 6. The evolution of extremism --. - Conclusions

During the revolution in Iran, a small, fanatical group called the Forqan used targeted assassinations of religious leaders to fight the Ayatollah Khomeini's plan to establish a theocratic Islamic state. Ronen A. Cohen examines what really happened behind the fog of revolution. Ronen A. Cohen is a lecturer in the Department of Israel and Middle Eastern Studies, Ariel University Center, Israel.

Identities in Crisis in Iran describes how identity, especially when it is faced with fundamental tensions as in the case of Iran, is a phenomenon that is constantly developing via factors involving the private self and common social factors such as the conflict between the Persian culture and the Shi'a religion.

Part One: Theoretical Approaches. - Chapter I: Historical Background - Revolutions in Theories. - Chapter II: Essential Components to Revolutionary Evolution and Development -Theoretical Approach. - Chapter III: Revolution and Its Intellectuals - The Formation of New and Dynamic Politics. - Chapter IV: Fundamentalism and the Emergence of the Traditional Forces. - Part Two: Case Studies Analysis-The Middle East States, Opposition Groups, Underground and Political Movements. - Part Two: Introduction. - Chapter V: Algeria - National Liberation Front - FLN. - Chapter VI: Egypt. - Chapter VII: Iran. - Chapter VIII: Iraq. - Chapter IX: Sudan - The Mahdiyyah. - Chapter X: Syria. - Chapter XI: Turkey. - Part Three: Case Studies Analysis-Anti-State Paradigm in Terror Organizations' Agenda / Sub-State Fundamental Organizations. - Chapter XII: Al-Qaeda. - Chapter XIII: Black September Organization. - Chapter XIV: Hamas. - Chapter XV: Taliban. - Chapter XVI: Conclusions. - Chapter XVII: Epilogue - The Arab Spring

AbstractThe main goal of the 2003 war with Iraq of the coalition forces led by the United States was to topple Saddam Hussein's regime and establish a new political system that would adopt democratic practices. Iran, a country that deemed Saddam's regime to be a threat, considered this war to be very helpful in many ways — first because it put an end to Clinton's "dual containment" approach and would thus help Iran to become a regional superpower at Iraq's expense. Second, a war with Iraq could put an end to the decades of oppression of the Shi'a community in Iraq.This article argues that Iran's involvement in Iraq's internal affairs created chaos in Iraq and contributed to the sectarian conflict against Sunni terror groups, notably the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), also known by the Arabic name Daesh, a terror group with the most extreme form of Sunni Radical Islam ever known. The sectarian conflict that resulted from the above is now taking place between the Sunnis and the Shi'a of both Persian and Arab backgrounds and this clash could not have become as radical as it is without Iran's aggressive foreign policy. It should, however, be noted that Iran is not the sole player in the country and therefore its part in inflaming sectarian conflicts should be viewed through a realistic prism that allows other forces — domestic and foreign — to be seen as having influenced the events for their benefit.

A clandestine group, symbolically called after the 9th century Iranian historical figure, "Babak Khorramdin Organisation", appeared after the Islamic Revolution with the aim of overthrowing the Islamic government and restoring the Iranian nationalism at the expense of what they consider to be an overcultivation of the Muslim and Shi'a identity. The article describes the organisation's structure, character and methods, its political and national agenda, its vision and its struggle against the Islamic regime.