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Appraised within an interdisciplinary framework are key social, political, & economic aspects of the distribution of power in agrarian societies & their interaction with various agrarian reform measures. Reform measures investigated include: land reform proper, tenancy & wage regulations, land taxes, institutional credit, & productivity promotion measures. Use is made of alternate models that simulate economic development & agrarian reform under alternative sociopolitical regimes. The models distinguish four actor-groups: landlords, peasants, nonagriculturalists, & the state. Regimes differ, on the one hand, according to which actor-group is in power, &, on the other hand, according to which instruments of economic policy the state employs. The models are empirically applied & used to analyze the impact of agrarian reform measures in the 1960s & 1970s in two different regimes, India & Chile (under Allende). 3 Tables, 2 Figures, Appendix. HA.

Although considered a helpful tool a decade ago, the
specification of the development problem in terms of one aim/one
nation/one actor avoids the issues and is unrealistic. This paper
reports on two models which introduce explicitly social groups as
independent actors. The first model examines the formation of income,
employment, human resources and satisfaction of basic needs for various
social groups. The second model examines the distribution of wealth in a
framework which assigns a more dominant role to a particular group on
other groups. Applications of the models to four countries are briefly
reviewed.

Development process may entail changes in the socio-economic
positions of people from one generation to the other. In Pakistan, no
attempt has so far been made to study the lines on which people gain
upward mobility or the factors which are involved in this process. This
paper is an attempt in this direction. By using data from primary
sources, we aim at .explaining the income and wealth positions of
Pakistanis from different generations in terms of their endowments of
social, human and physical capital and other socio-economic
characteristics. The assessment of incidence and nature of such mobility
would enable us to identify the processes through which different
socio-economic groups attempt to improve their positions in a changing
society.

The macro-econometric model of Pakistan's economy by Naqvi et
al. (3) is the first completed work in a renewed effort to model
significant economic and social activities and issues in Pakistan. One
of the current modelling efforts in which the authors are participating
aims at combining elements from the macro-econometric model,
inter-industry relations, factor market relations, and social accounting
frameworks. This effort is now made possible by the compilation of the
relevant statistics relating to an input-output table and the social
accounting matrix
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