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"The partisan divide in the United States has widened to a chasm. Legislators vote along party lines and rarely cross the aisle. Political polarization is personal too-and it is making us miserable. Surveys show that Americans have become more fearful and hateful of supporters of the opposing political party and imagine that they hold much more extreme views than they actually do. We have cordoned ourselves off: we prefer to date and marry those with similar opinions and are less willing to spend time with people on the other side. How can we loosen the grip of this toxic polarization and start working on our most pressing problems? The Way Out offers an escape from this morass. The social psychologist Peter T. Coleman explores how conflict resolution and complexity science provide guidance for dealing with seemingly intractable political differences. Deploying the concept of attractors in dynamical systems, he explains why we are stuck in this rut as well as the unexpected ways that deeply rooted oppositions can and do change. Coleman meticulously details principles and practices for navigating and healing the difficult divides in our homes, workplaces, and communities, blending compelling personal accounts from his years of working on entrenched conflicts with lessons from leading-edge research. The Way Out is a vital and timely guide to breaking free from the cycle of mutual contempt in order to better our lives, relationships, and country"--

Conflicts that endure despite repeated good faith attempts to resolve them are considered intractable. Such conflicts can exist at the family, organizational, community, & international levels & present conflict resolution practitioners with extraordinarily difficult challenges. Over time, they can become highly complex, mercurial, & malignant, & render standard methods of conflict resolution such as negotiation & mediation less effective. This article is the 3rd in a 3-part series presenting a meta-framework for addressing protracted, intractable conflicts. It offers a new approach to conflict analysis & intervention that is responsive to the complex dynamics & long-term natures of these problems. A set of guidelines for intervention is outlined & applied to a contemporary case for illustration. Adapted from the source document.

Protracted, intractable conflicts are a form of human interaction that may very well determine our capacity to survive as a species. Their high degree of malignancy, complexity, & mercurial natures present severe challenges to our human abilities to perceive, comprehend, & intervene accurately & effectively. The applied literature in this area presents a wide variety of approaches for intervention. Each approach is based on metaphors, assumptions, & models, which frame intractable conflicts & determine a course of change that is both useful & limiting. This article outlines the processes of implicit & explicit framing of intractable conflicts & presents five major paradigms currently employed in research & practice in this area: realism, human relations, pathology, postmodernism, & systems. This article is the second in a three-part series presenting a metaframework for protracted, intractable conflict-a conceptual framework that views these paradigms & their associated intervention strategies as complementary for research & intervention. 1 Table, 2 Figures, 148 References. Adapted from the source document.

Disputant "ripeness" is a state and a process of critical importance to the resolution of seemingly intractable conflict. Fostering ripeness is often a primary goal of those who attempt to intervene. This study presents a typology of interventions for promoting ripeness in highly escalated, protracted conflicts, and investigates the distinct effects of four different types of intervention strategies on the commitment of disputants to make peace. The model defines a state of ripeness at the individual psychological level as a high level of commitment by a party to change the direction of the normative escalatory processes of the relations towards deescalation. Lewin's "drive" and "resistance" change‐force strategies are combined with "process" and "outcome" oriented interventions to yield the four strategies. Results indicated that process‐oriented interventions targeted at removing resistance obstacles to peace were more effective at fostering ripeness than outcome‐oriented interventions aimed at driving constructive change. The implications of the findings are discussed.

Disputant "ripeness" is a state & a process of critical importance to the resolution of seemingly intractable conflict. Fostering ripeness is often a primary goal of those who attempt to intervene. This study presents a typology of interventions for promoting ripeness in highly escalated, protracted conflicts, & investigates the distinct effects of four different types of intervention strategies on the commitment of disputants to make peace. The model defines a state of ripeness at the individual psychological level as a high level of commitment by a party to change the direction of the normative escalatory processes of the relations toward deescalation. Lewin's "drive" & "resistance" change-force strategies are combined with process- & outcome-oriented interventions to yield the four strategies. Results indicted that process-oriented interventions targeted at removing resistance obstacles to peace were more effective at fostering ripeness than outcome-oriented interventions aimed at driving constructive change. The implications of the findings are discussed. 1 Table, 1 Figure, 1 Appendix, 15 References. Adapted from the source document.

Commemorating Morton Deutsch's 95th birthday, this book presents ten major texts by this highly respected social psychologist on war and peace. This first volume presents Deutsch in his role as a leading social science activist on issues of war and peace - writing papers, making speeches and participating in demonstrations. After serving in the U.S. Air Force during World War II and being awarded two Distinguished Flying Cross medals, as a psychologist he was determined to work for a more peaceful world. Influenced by Kurt Lewin, who believed that nothing was as practical as a good theory, Deutsch pursued theoretical work on such issues as cooperation-competition, conflict resolution and social justice with regard to issues of war and peace. As President of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict and Violence, the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues and the International Society of Political Psychology, he helped to foster social science efforts to make for a more peaceful world

Commemorating Morton Deutsch's 95th birthday, this book presents ten major texts by this highly respected social psychologist on war and peace. This second volume presents Deutsch in his role as a leading social science activist on issues of war and peace - writing papers, making speeches and participating in demonstrations. After serving in the U.S. Air Force during World War II and being awarded two Distinguished Flying Cross medals, as a psychologist he was determined to work for a more peaceful world. Influenced by Kurt Lewin, who believed that nothing was as practical as a good theory, Deutsch pursued theoretical work on such issues as cooperation-competition, conflict resolution and social justice with regard to issues of war and peace. As President of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict and Violence, the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues and the International Society of Political Psychology, he helped to foster social science efforts to make for a more peaceful world

Commemorating Morton Deutsch?s 95th birthday, this book presents ten major texts by this highly respected social psychologist on war and peace. This first volume presents Deutsch in his role as a leading social science activist on issues of war and peace? writing papers, making speeches and participating in demonstrations. After serving in the U.S. Air Force during World War II and being awarded two Distinguished Flying Cross medals, as a psychologist he was determined to work for a more peaceful world. Influenced by Kurt Lewin, who believed that nothing was as practical as a good theory, Deutsch pursued theoretical work on such issues as cooperation-competition, conflict resolution and social justice with regard to issues of war and peace. As President of the Society for the Study of Peace, Conflict and Violence, the Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues and the International Society of Political Psychology, he helped to foster social science efforts to make for a more peaceful world.