Suchergebnisse

After 25 years of regional politics, little is known of those politicians that have held a seat in regional assemblies, especially their social profile, its evolution & whether or not this social profile mirrors the structure of society. For the first time, data presented in this article sheds some light over these issues. The author uses the independence & agglutination models, & the Social Bias Index, to find out that young & educated men born in the region they serve & mainly lawyers & educators have had more chances of entering the regional political elite than people with other profiles. The regional parliamentarian elite has changed its internal composition & has become more diverse in some respects (gender) but more homogeneous in others (internal migrants). The data shows, as well, a tendency towards the microcosmic model of representation. Tables, References. Adapted from the source document.

Résumé Cet article cherche à expliquer une anomalie. Un des résultats attendus de le fédéralisation est l'émergence et la consolidation des identités périphériques, soit en conflit soit en accord avec l'identité nationale. C'est bien ce que nous trouvons en Espagne vers la fin des années 1970. À Valence, néanmoins, les conditions propices au développement d'une identité régionale n'apportent pas le résultat attendu, une situation qui posait question à Juan Linz et à laquelle une explication satisfaisante n'a jamais été trouvée. L'héritage historique explique en partie cette situation, mais les institutions démocratiques contrôlées par les élites ont également un rôle. La variable explicative principale mise en avant ici serait le manque de consensus social exprimé par les divisions entre élites sur les questions culturelles : les symboles, le langage et le sens même de la communauté. La concurrence inter-élitaire pour l'hégémonie culturelle a eu comme résultat d'approfondir la division entre les deux groupes principaux. Le conflit entre eux est loin d'avoir trouvé sa fin.

This paper tries to explain an anomaly. One of the outcomes of the federalization of polities is the emergence and consolidation of peripheral identities in conflict or in combination with the central identity. This is largely the case of Spain since the late seventies. However, having the conditions to develop a regional identity, Valencia largely lacks it. This situation puzzled Juan J. Linz during the seventies and has remained largely unsolved. Historic legacies explain part of the problem, but the role played by democratic institutions controlled by different elites has an impact as well. The main explanatory variable is the lack of social consensus as expressed in elite division over cultural matters including symbols, language, and nature of the community. Competing for cultural hegemony, political elites have deepened the divide between two major groups whose conflictive relationship is far from over. Adapted from the source document.

This book studies the challenges to conventional politics posed by new ways of selecting candidates for legislative elections. The recent economic crisis had profound political consequences on politics, generating an upsurge in the demand for more participative ways of decision-making in politics channelled through social movements and individuals in different countries. Some parties have reacted by introducing changes in their internal organization (via intra-party democracy), particularly related to the selection of candidates for public office. This volume explores the trends and challenges of these new methods of selection, analyses how the internet is increasingly being used as a selection tool, and evaluates some of the relevant consequences related to political representation, party cohesion and party centralization, among others.

Abstract
Despite the alleged increasing importance given to politicians' personalities, the similarities and differences between citizens and politicians regarding their personality traits have been insufficiently studied. This research analyses the personality similarities and differences between citizens and politicians in Spain across party allegiances and ideologies. For this, we use two representative surveys for citizens and MPs. Our results show that Spanish politicians are a more homogeneous population—regarding their personality traits—than Spanish citizens, and that Spanish MPs are more sociable and imaginative and less lazy and artistic than the average citizen, which is consistent with a 'politician's personality'.

Los parlamentarios y las parlamentarias de los PANE, tomados en su conjunto, son sensiblemente diferentes a los de los partidos de ámbito estatal. Suelen incorporar menos mujeres en sus listas electorales en puestos de elección, menos inmigrantes internos, diputados de más edad, personas con credenciales educativas similares a las de los diputados de los partidos de ámbito estatal, menos educadores y trabajadores y más empresarios y directivos, aunque tienen cantidades similares de profesionales del derecho. Dentro de los PANE, hay partidos que muestran comportamientos distintos, lo cual aporta matices cuya diferencia conviene explicar. ; MPs from subnational parties (PANE) show a different social profile than those MPs from national parties elected for regional parliaments. They incorporate less women in parliaments, less internal migrants, older politicians, less workers and educators (but more owners and managers) and a similar proportion of lawyers. There are relevant differences among subnational parties the article analyzes thoroughly.

This book analyses the Spanish parliamentary elites in a comparative perspective within southern Europe. What has been the impact of the Great Recession on the configuration of parliaments and the diversity of legislators? Have new parties delivered better representation of citizens in terms of demographics (gender, age, social class), ideology or political attitudes and beliefs? This original research is based on a 2018 survey on members of two national chambers and 17 regional parliaments. Comparing these data with those of a simultaneous survey carried out on Spanish citizens and with data from previous research a decade ago, the book examines the changes that have occurred in representation during the course of the Great Recession and provides evidence of the growing distance between citizens and parliamentary elites. Additionally, using data from the Comparative Candidates Survey, the book compares the ideological congruence between citizens and their representatives in Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece. Xavier Coller is Professor in the Department of Political Science at the Unversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain. He has taught in several universities in Europe and the US. He has authored or co-authored over a hundred works on social theories, research methods, collective identities, complex organizations, and political elites. Leonardo Sánchez-Ferrer is Professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Burgos, Spain. He has taught and researched in different European universities. He has authored or co- authored works on public policies, educational reforms, voting, political elites and leaders.

This book analyses the Spanish parliamentary elites in a comparative perspective within southern Europe. What has been the impact of the Great Recession on the configuration of parliaments and the diversity of legislators? Have new parties delivered better representation of citizens in terms of demographics (gender, age, social class), ideology or political attitudes and beliefs? This original research is based on a 2018 survey on members of two national chambers and 17 regional parliaments. Comparing these data with those of a simultaneous survey carried out on Spanish citizens and with data from previous research a decade ago, the book examines the changes that have occurred in representation during the course of the Great Recession and provides evidence of the growing distance between citizens and parliamentary elites. Additionally, using data from the Comparative Candidates Survey, the book compares the ideological congruence between citizens and their representatives in Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece. Xavier Coller is Professor in the Department of Political Science at the Unversidad Nacional de Educacion a Distancia, Spain. He has taught in several universities in Europe and the US. He has authored or co-authored over a hundred works on social theories, research methods, collective identities, complex organizations, and political elites. Leonardo Sanchez-Ferrer is Professor in the Department of Political Science, University of Burgos, Spain. He has taught and researched in different European universities. He has authored or co- authored works on public policies, educational reforms, voting, political elites and leaders.