Epistolary Passions: Friendship and the Literary Public of Constance de Salm, 1767-1845
In: Journal of women's history, Band 12, Heft 3, S. 39-68
ISSN: 1527-2036
The epistolary friendships of Constance de Salm--a feminist and femme
philosophe (woman philosopher) prominent in her own time but virtually
forgotten today--provide a counterpoint to feminist scholarship that
has tended to idealize relationships among women. Salm's little-known,
unpublished correspondence from the late eighteenth and nineteenth
centuries reveals that competition and political expediency excluded from
her circle those female intellectuals most like herself. Her closest
relationships with women, while characterized by intense attachment,
often flourished in the context of radical difference in wealth,
status, or celebrity. They were also far more conflict ridden and
volatile than were her relationships with men. The relational world of
Constance de Salm promises to open up a new history of friendship, and
sheds light upon the ways in which friendships among both men and women
contributed to the emergence of a female literary sphere in the early
nineteenth century. Studying the relations among gender, epistolarity,
and intimacy yields a more nuanced understanding of gendered spheres,
and suggests the complexity and public significance of the bonds
of womanhood in late-eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Europe.