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This article examines the 'knowledge deficit' model, which still persists in liberal, technological societies. It is based upon the assumption that expert forms of knowledge, both in the sciences and the humanities, provide a sufficient basis for deciding the most important public policy questions. In this view, public perceptions and beliefs that run counter to this expert knowledge provide unacceptable justifications for public policies. Instead, support of expert knowledge needs to be 'built' through education and public relations strategies. This view is challenged on the basis of basic democratic theory, using the debate about genetically modified maize in Mexico as an example. 'Knowledge deficits' also exist on the side of experts.

Introduction -- Archaeological finds : legacies of appropriation, modes of response / George P. Nicholas and Alison Wylie -- The appropriation of human remains : a First Nations legal and ethical perspective / James [Sa'ke'j] Youngblood Henderson -- The repatriation of human remains / Geoffrey Scarre -- The skin off our backs : appropriation of religion / Conrad G. Brunk and James O. Young -- Genetic research and culture : where does the offense lie? / Daryl Pullman and Laura Arbour -- Appropriation of traditional knowledge : ethics in the context of ethnobiology / Kelly Bannister, Conrad Brunk, and Maui Solomon -- A broken record : subjecting 'music' to cultural rights / Elizabeth Burns Coleman and Rosemary J. Coombe with Fiona MacArailt -- Objects of appropriation / Andrea Naomi Walsh and Dominic McIver Lopes -- Do subaltern artifacts belong in art museums? / A.W. Eaton and Ivan Gaskell -- Nothing comes from nowhere : reflections on cultural appropriation as the representation of other cultures / James O. Young and Susan Haley