Suchergebnisse

Currently, many universities are developing virtual education as an option for the training of future professionals. The objective of this study is to analyze aspects of the academic management of university virtual education from the perspective of students, teachers, and administrators. A mixed approach and non-experimental design were applied. Semi-structured interviews and surveys were used. The participants were 8 managers, 340 students, and 75 teachers from Peru, Colombia, Mexico, and Spain, from universities where virtual education is offered. The results show that 51% of teachers agree with the management, 50% accept the adequate use of technological tools, and only 20% say that virtual classes are effective. Concerning students, 45% agree with the management, but only 15% feel that they are attended to when problems arise in the virtual modality. The managers determine relevant aspects such as the importance of teacher training, having technological tools to ensure learning, and providing a comprehensive academic service, as is provided in the in-person modality. It is concluded that academic management in the virtual modality should prioritize the improvement of satisfaction levels of both students and teachers through adaptation processes, training, performance evaluation, attention, and problem-solving, as well as the use of virtual platforms that allow the development of competencies of the graduate profile and contribute to the comprehensive training of future professionals.

University education has undergone transcendental changes in recent years. The tendencies of adaptation to these advances bring as a consequence that the management models and the leadership exercised by its directors are analyzed looking for a better administration of university entities. The present study reviews the scientific literature on approaches and perspectives on leadership and management in university education. It aims to establish various aspects, characteristics, and leadership and management styles through the review of scientific articles in the Scopus, Scielo, Proquest, Gale Onfile, and Ebsco databases. Relevant aspects were measured through the analysis of 36 articles published in the last 7 years. As a result, models and redesigns of university management were obtained, as well as a trend toward developing competencies and new leadership styles of those who lead institutions. It is concluded that university management is characterized by the search for strategies that allow the achievement of the established objectives based on strategic planning. In addition, it includes its role and interrelation with society and innovative models that easily adapt to changes through leadership that seeks commitment and participation, promoting proactive decision-making and emotional intelligence.

In the twenty-first century and under the framework of the fourth industrial revolution, virtual leadership emerged as a new way to direct and lead companies and organizations in the public and private sectors. In this regard, it should be mentioned that this situation is the result of the profound effects and changes of the digital revolution in the business world, which are a consequence of the globalization process and the rise of the so-called Information Technology and Telecommunications (ICT). Therefore, the objective of this narrative literature review is to know what has been written about virtual leadership between 2016 and 2021. As a result, 58 sources of information were reviewed, their level of scientific evidence was evaluated, and opportunities for growth and development in business and commercial activities were identified. In addition, a business management alternative to mitigate the impacts of the new Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic was analyzed. Hence, this paper is highly relevant, as it also considers elements such as personalized communication and digital tools. In conclusion, it was found that virtual work generates benefits, including time savings and quick contact. However, it presents challenges for leaders, such as the challenge of connectivity, motivation, and collaborators' commitment.

Business management plays a crucial role in brand positioning using the digitization of processes and strategies to attract customers, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The objective of this study is to identify the actions implemented by the administrative management of international corporations regarding investing in e-commerce and enhancing consumer loyalty. The sample comprised leading telecommunication companies, such as O Globo, Claro, and Tigo, according to the Katnar Ranking. A qualitative non-experimental design methodology was applied based on the documentary analysis of the annual reports. As a result of the investigation, it was found that 54% of the investments in business management maintained a customer attraction approach through electronic commerce strategies based on the organizational communication policy. In addition, 57% of the investment is allocated to the design of marketing plans through official websites. 54% of the incentive scale focuses on special offers on commemorative dates. On the other hand, 61% represent the importance of recognition of the digital shopping experience. Finally, 47% of the investment is focused on strengthening the processes that guarantee compliance with the duty of suitability. In conclusion, the business strategies proposed to promote electronic commerce and consumer loyalty have managed to promote digital transformation in the long term because administrative management focused on customer satisfaction and acquisition, which is essential to achieve business success in the digital age.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) responds to the strategic management of corporate practices with ethical and sustainable commitment values. This study aims to describe the corporate social responsibility actions implemented in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample comprises such corporations as Arcor, Banco de Crédito e Inversiones, and Corporación Favorita, corresponding to Argentina, Chile, and Ecuador. The research methodology was based on a qualitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental design. The study conducted documentary analyses of the annual reports of these companies, ranked among the top CSR in the Merco Ranking. As a result, it was determined that the corporations carried out actions aimed at the economic dimension, with 36% in terms of equitable economic retribution to employees and 41% in terms of their recognition through incentives. Likewise, the social dimension showed that 57% of the company's actions were aimed at collaborative support to foundations that ensured educational and health factors. On the other hand, the environmental dimension focused 69% of its activities on renewable energies as part of a policy of reducing pollutants. Finally, it can be concluded that CSR actions during the COVID-19 pandemic were used to ensure corporate stability through a range of activities with a socioeconomic and environmental focus without neglecting the strengthening of its corporate reputation.