Suchergebnisse

SUMMARIUM Cautío iuris libertatis conscientiae multum interest in iuridica ordinatione nationalis et internationalis vitae. PIures sunt eius implicationes constitutionali, civili, administrativo, vindicativo atque internationali iuri. Tutissimum fuit quam primum hoc ius iurisdictione internationali (interventus humanitatis, cognitio condltionata, foedera paucarum gentium, praecepta, etcetera . . ). Hac tutela perpensa, in articulo adstante scripta quae tantum referantur ad novissima tempora studuntur: Declarationis Universalis iurium hominum 1948; Pacti iurium civilium atque politicorum O.N.U. 1966 (art. 18); Proyecti Conventionis Internationalís, aprobationem Generalis Contionis exspectantis (Huius Proyecti elaboratio nunc hic exponitur). Considerantur statim argumenta quibus ius libertatis conscientiae delineatur in Proyecto, et eius nexus cum scriptis supra dictis et conventione Europaea Iurium hominum atque Libertatum fundamentalium 1950. Auctor speciali modo animum attendit, et sic iudicat, ad modum quo in Proyecto aliquae agantur quaestiones graves (relationes mutuae Ecclesiae-rei publicae, limites iuris «in societate democratica», docentia, etc.). Denique consideratur ratio vigilantiae rei publicae munerum, quae constituuntur a Conventione, et tuitionls iuris tuti: testimonia, conciliatio officiaque bona, et fortasse subiectio sententiae Tribunalis Internationalis Iustitiae. Haec opes existimantur in praesenti statu incrementí Communitatis Internationalis atque iuris gentium. --- ABSTRACT The guarantee of freedom of conscience ls of great importance in the juridical regulation of life in intra-State and International Society. Its implications are numerous in the fields of constitutional, civil, administrative, penal and international law. Of aH human rights, this was one of the earliest to become the object of international juridical protection (appeal to humaneness, conditional recognition, minority-treaties, mandates, etc.). Considering this protection, with reference to recent times only, this present work studies the corresponding texts of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, of the United Nations Agreement for Civil and Political Rights 1966 (art. 18) and of the Project of International Agreement, which is pending approval by the General Assembly, and describes the stages of the latters elaboration. The contents of the Project which outline the right of freedom of Conscience are considered successively and its relationship with the above-mentioned texts and the European Convention of Human Rights and Fundamental Liberties 1950. The author pays special attention to and gives his opinion on the manner in which the Project deals with certain important problems, such as Church-State relations, the limitation of rights «in a democratic society», education, etc. FinaHy a study is made of the mechanism of control of the obiigations of States which is established by the Agreement, and of the protection of garanteed rights reports, conciliation and good offices, and possible submission to the decision of the International Court of Justice, and a judgement is expressed on those means from the point of the actual state of developement of the International Community and from the point of view of the Rights of Peoples.