Suchergebnisse

RESUMO O reuso de dispositivos médicos de uso único implica segurança em saúde. Este estudo analisa sistemas regulatórios de reuso de produtos médicos de uso único em âmbito internacional. Trata-se de revisão integrativa, com descritores específicos, sem restrição de ano da publicação. A busca dos dados, entre outubro e dezembro de 2017, incluiu 23 estudos. As políticas de reuso desses produtos variam entre países, com normas legitimando essas práticas, como a norte-americana e a alemã, normas restritivas e regulações inexistentes em nível nacional, como no Canadá, no Japão e na Europa. Essas políticas centram-se na regulação pré-comercialização, estruturam-se na classificação dos produtos, com questões relacionadas ao rótulo dos produtos, se multiuso ou de uso único, ponto-chave do dilema desse reuso. Este estudo aponta a necessidade de reestruturação das políticas de reuso de produtos de uso único quanto à classificação desses dispositivos, bem como à adoção de mecanismos para clarificação do rótulo desses produtos. Ressalta os condicionantes internos e externos que envolvem o desenvolvimento das políticas de saúde e o papel do Estado na preservação dos direitos da saúde de seus cidadãos, em detrimento dos grupos de interesses privados e dotados de fortes recursos de poder, como a indústria de produtos médicos.

Los negocios agropecuarios en Brasil siempre ocuparon un lugar destacado en la economía y en el desarrollo del país. Actualmente, la mayor parte de los residuos de la caña de azúcar se queman en las centrales de producción de energía. Estos residuos se componen principalmente de celulosa, lignina y poliosas. En este artículo estos componentes fueron utilizados para producir fibras textiles. Para extraer la celulosa se llevó acabo el despulpado alcalino y blanqueo con peróxido de hidrógeno. Las fibras obtenidas eran compatibles con Lyocell.

International audience ; The objective of this work is to identify the effects (economic, environmental and social) of the economic crisis in agrarian activity at the farm level, focused on farms with the goat livestock of Bravia breed, and to identify the mechanisms/actions/innovations developed by these farms, in order to their survival, as the created opportunities that can sustain them. The methodology focuses on surveys to farmers who hold different levels of livestock heads, in order to measure the evolution of economic, social and environmental indicators before the economic crisis and at the current scenario. The aim is also carry out a SWOT analysis of these systems. In a global view is observed none or little impact of the economic crisis in the studied herds. The high mortality rate, the need of constant labor and the dependence of farmers in farmers' cooperative for most of the purposes are the main weaknesses found on these production systems. Effective responses to these situations reveal themselves as the main opportunities of the activity under study.

International audience ; The objective of this work is to identify the effects (economic, environmental and social) of the economic crisis in agrarian activity at the farm level, focused on farms with the goat livestock of Bravia breed, and to identify the mechanisms/actions/innovations developed by these farms, in order to their survival, as the created opportunities that can sustain them. The methodology focuses on surveys to farmers who hold different levels of livestock heads, in order to measure the evolution of economic, social and environmental indicators before the economic crisis and at the current scenario. The aim is also carry out a SWOT analysis of these systems. In a global view is observed none or little impact of the economic crisis in the studied herds. The high mortality rate, the need of constant labor and the dependence of farmers in farmers' cooperative for most of the purposes are the main weaknesses found on these production systems. Effective responses to these situations reveal themselves as the main opportunities of the activity under study.

While it has become fashionable in the arena of international health to think about health systems, the theoretical underpinning of Niklas Luhmann's vast and productive theory has been given too little consideration in the field. It is rich in concepts that can facilitate a fuller understanding of what health systems are. João Costa applies these concepts and shows the analytical possibilities they open up. He argues concisely how Luhmann's Social Systems Theory offers an integrated theoretical body as well as a consistent articulation of concepts that can lay the groundwork for a vastly improved health systems thinking

While it has become fashionable in the arena of international health to think about health systems, the theoretical underpinning of Niklas Luhmann's vast and productive theory has been given too little consideration in the field. It is rich in concepts that can facilitate a fuller understanding of what health systems are. João Costa applies these concepts and shows the analytical possibilities they open up. He argues concisely how Luhmann's Social Systems Theory offers an integrated theoretical body as well as a consistent articulation of concepts that can lay the groundwork for a vastly improved health systems thinking.