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"Throughout the nineteenth century and twentieth century, various attempts were made to define and control problematic behaviour in public by legal and legislative means through the use of a somewhat nebulous concept of "indecency". Remarkably however, public indecency remains a much under-researched aspect of English legal, social and criminal justice history. Covering a period of just over a century, from 1857 (the date of the passing of the first Obscene Publications Act) to 1960 (the date of the famous trial of Penguin Books over their publication of Lady Chatterley's Lover following the introduction of a new Obscene Publications Act in the previous year), Public Indecency in England investigates the social and cultural obsession with various forms of indecency and how public perceptions of different types of indecent behaviour led to legal definitions of such behaviour in both common law and statute. This truly interdisciplinary book utilises socio-legal, historical and criminological research to discuss the practical response of both the police and the judiciary to those caught engaging in public indecency, as well as to highlight the increasing problems faced by moralists during a period of unprecedented technological developments in the fields of visual and aural mass entertainment. It is written in a lively and approachable style and, as such, is of interest to academics and students engaged in the study of deviance, law, criminology, sociology, criminal justice, socio-legal studies, and history. It will also be of interest to the general reader"--

1. Introduction : revealing an 'Eleusinian mystery' -- 2. 'Men of known and approved fidelity' : the development of the Bow Street system -- 3. 'If the gentleman writes the gentleman pays' : the employers of principal officers -- 4. 'Contending with desperate characters' : the types of crimes investigated by principal officers -- 5. 'Police officers for the country at large' : the nationwide role of the principal officers -- 6. 'Domiciliary visits, spies, and all the rest of Fouche's contrivances' : six case studies of provincial investigations by principal officers -- 7. 'More expert in tracing and detecting crime' : the post-1829 situation -- 8. 'Rescuing from a historical cul-de-sac' : the legacy of the Bow Street principal officers.

Cover -- CLOSE PROTECTION -- Contents -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- 1 Universal Soldiers -- VIP PROTECTION -- THE GUARDIANS -- THE CHANGING OF THE GUARD -- OVERVIEW -- NOTES -- 2 Red Guards -- THE SHIELD -- THE OPENING -- THE COUP -- THE AFTERMATH -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 3 Protecting the State -- REBUILDING RUSSIA -- LEGALIZED ANARCHY -- DEFENSE AND SECURITY -- THE DOOR OPENER AND THE BADGER -- THE ARMY AND SOCIETY -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 4 The Palace Guards -- THE KREMLIN MEN -- THE OWLS -- ALPHA AND VYMPEL -- AFTER DZERZHINSKY -- MOSCOW'S ARMY -- SUPPORT SERVICES -- BLACK AND BLUE BERETS -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 5 The Khaki October -- YELTSIN AND THE ARMY -- THE CRISIS -- STALEMATE -- INSURRECTION -- OSTANKINO -- OPERATION STORM -- THE AFTERMATH -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 6 The Politics of Protection -- MILITARY DOCTRINE -- ANTI-CRIME EFFORTS -- CHECHNYA -- YERIN'S ARMY -- RUNNING INTERFERENCE -- REORGANIZATIONS -- THE 1996 ELECTIONS -- A NEW TEAM -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 7 The Best of the Rest -- THE BULLET CATCHERS -- STATES OF EMERGENCY -- REPUBLICAN GUARDS -- THE PROBLEMS OF PROTECTION -- CONCLUSIONS -- NOTES -- 8 The New Praetorians -- SECURITY AND SOCIETY -- THE NEW PALACE GUARDS -- POST-SOVIET PRAETORIANISM -- THE FUTURE -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- NOTES -- Appendix: Selected Incidents and Attempts -- Selected Bibliography -- ARTICLES -- BOOKS -- GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTS -- NEWSPAPERS -- Index -- About the Author.

AbstractThis article is a response to two questions posed in an article published in the first volume of the Howard Journal. That article asked, 'should penal servitude be abolished?' and also discussed the merits of 'preventive detention', in which so‐called 'habitual' criminals could be imprisoned for up to ten years after their original sentence had expired, in order to keep the public safe for an extended time. The current article therefore looks at the limitations and problems of penal servitude (which operated from 1853 until 1948) together with a brief examination of the success or otherwise of preventive detention.

Policing the Factory describes the operation of the Bank of England police, the Post Office police, and various other private policing agencies, employed to track down and prosecute workplace offenders. The authors focus in particular on the Worsted Committee and their Inspectors, who, between 1777 and 1968, prosecuted thousands of workers in the north of England for taking home workplace scraps, or wasting their employer's time. Most of the workers prosecuted spent a month in prison upon conviction, and many more were dismissed from employment without any formal legal action taking place. Thi

Introduction -- Early chief constables -- "A fit man to be at the head of the police" : police superintendents and watch committees in the first generation of "new policing" : a Yorkshire perspective, c.1850-1870 / David Taylor -- The best chief constable in the kingdom? : recruitment and retention problems in an early English county constabulary / David J. Cox -- Early chief constables in Scotland : policing the city and the county / David Smale -- The Irish inspectors general, 1838-1916 : leading Dublin castle's constabulary "machine" / Elizabeth Malcolm -- Chief constables and their forces -- Chief constables as "moral heroes" and guardians of public morality / Kim Stevenson -- "A nonconformist must be chief constable" : the historical challenges of policing in rural Wales / Richard W. Ireland -- "The best police officer in the force" : chief constables and their men, 1900-1939 / Joanne Klein -- "A nice old boy" : characterizing the chief constable role in detective fiction c.1890-1960 / Judith Rowbotham -- What the met brought to the party : reinforcement, colonization, specialization and fusion / Robert M. Morris -- Chief constables and public order : tensions between discretion and consistency / Iain Channing Section 3: Twentieth Century Chief Constables -- Pioneering women police chiefs : a tale of conflict and cooperation / Marisa Silvestri -- Leading through conflict and change : chief constables in Northern Ireland / Joanne Murphy -- "Seirbheis phoilis na h-alba" police Scotland : the rationalization of chief constables / Gareth Addidle -- Chief constables after pace 1985-2016 : the decline of a professional elite / Timothy Brain -- Conclusion.

Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction to the Convict Prison System -- The Convict Licensing System -- 1. Samuel Ainge -- 2. Samuel Algar -- 3. Moses Annetts -- 4. Julia Ashton -- 5. John Baines -- 6. Thomas Batty -- 7. William Beckwith -- 8. Joshua Bentley -- 9. Lucy Bernard -- 10. Thomas Bill -- 11. Emily Bishop -- 12. Louisa Bishop -- 13. Mary Brannan -- 14. George Brasher -- 15. Emily Brennan -- 16. Lucy Brent -- 17. Lovick Ansted Brown -- 18. Maria Cain -- 19. Martha Carter -- 20. Anthony Castor -- 21. Ann Coyne -- 22. Anne Cruise -- 23. Harriet Curtis -- 24. Elizabeth Dillon -- 25. Julia Donovan -- 26. Margaret Donovan -- 27. Mary Ann Dougherty -- 28. Thomas Douglas -- 29. Catherine Doyle -- 30. William Dunnage -- 31. William Edward Eicke -- 32. Dryden Elstob -- 33. Jane Field -- 34. Margaret Fitzmorris -- 35. John Fletcher -- 36. Isabella Fraser -- 37. Caroline Goode -- 38. Ann Gorst -- 39. William Goss -- 40. Moses Gould -- 41. Mary Grealey -- 42. Margaret Grey -- 43. Ann Griffiths -- 44. Mary Griffiths -- 45. Francis J. Hammond -- 46. Joseph Hazell -- 47. Mary Ann Hebden -- 48. Martha Hedger -- 49. Sarah Jane Howlett -- 50. Mary Howley -- 51. Elizabeth Hyde -- 52. Julia Hyland -- 53. Eliza Ingamells -- 54. Thorborg Ireland -- 55. Sarah Jemmison -- 56. Edith Jennings -- 57. Mary Ann Johnson -- 58. Elizabeth Jones -- 59. Mary Jones -- 60. Bridget Kelly -- 61. Catherine Kendall -- 62. Robert Kidd -- 63. Catherine Lindsay -- 64. Lucy Lowe -- 65. William MacAdam -- 66. Rhodes Marriott -- 67. John McSally -- 68. William James Milson -- 69. John Minto -- 70. Julia Murray -- 71. Mary Ann Murray -- 72. Sarah Newbold -- 73. Bridget O'Donnell -- 74. Fanny Oliver -- 75. Mary Ann Pearson -- 76. George Pobjoy -- 77. Jane Potts -- 78. Annie Price -- 79. Joseph Quarmby -- 80. William Quickfall -- 81. George Renyard.

This article examines the concept of the persistent offender as a group within society, and the presumed impact of that discrete group upon society via a case study of offending in Crewe between 1880 and 1940. The findings of persistent offending in Crewe challenge the assumptions and prejudices of the period, about the links between unemployment and crime and the extent to which crime was an enduring 'career'. There were no 'hardened' persistent offenders in the sample of the type envisaged by contemporary comment, though the role of drink in offending was sustained; and there was no clear 'type' of offender either. Examination of the life histories of a selection of offenders is shown to raise a number of interdisciplinary questions, challenging the assumptions of criminologists and legal scholars in relation to the role of legislation in the management of criminality, including the concept (of interest also to historians) that reformation of the criminal was more achievable in the past than it is in the overregulated present.

Penal Servitude is the first comprehensive study of the convict prison system that housed all those who were sentenced to penal servitude between 1853 and 1948, detailing the administration and evolution of the system, its creation, the building of the prison estate, and the experiences of prisoners and staff within it.