Suchergebnisse

PUBLISHED ; Cheltenham, United Kingdom and Northampton, Mass, USA ; Governance has in many respects become the new management. Just as management succeeded administration from the 1960s onwards (Grey, 1999), so governance has replaced management as the label for steering practices and the distribution of authority in organizations, nation states, politics and various other subfields of society. In this introductory chapter, we will weave the contributions to this Handbook together with prior research into the governance 'story' of the 2020s, and thereby discuss the ways in which the Research Handbook on Nonprofit Governance covers and advances the field. We structure this chapter as follows. First, we review governance definitions and the development of the nonprofit governance concept. Then we map the field of non-profit governance through a focus on organizing contexts, environmental contexts and constituencies, and we consider some of the governance practices that emerge within them. Next, we examine the governance theory–practice nexus by sketching out the theoretical perspectives considered by the Handbook's contributors. We conclude by indicating some of the lacunae that remain.

PUBLISHED ; The Report was commissioned to provide recommendations on European Policy actions in support of R&I activities at national and European leve ; Brussels ; The objective of the Expert Group on "Foundations, Venture Philanthropy and Social Investments" is to unleash the potential of R&I foundations and other providers of capital and expertise, such as venture philanthropists and social investors, through: 1.Advising on suitable framework conditions that will ease R&I foundations' establishment, expansion of activities and (cross-border) operations at national and European levels. 2.Guiding governments and other stakeholders on policy actions and financial tools to support R&I activities funded by R&I foundations. 3.Stimulating the collaboration of R&I foundations and other stakeholders (i.e. governments, business sector, research performing organisations, R&I umbrella organisations) in R&I activities at national and European levels.The Expert Group has formulated recommendations for each of the three working areas, addressed to different stakeholders at the national and European levels.

This article argues that the institutionalization of nonprofit management education must be considered in national societal and education establishment contexts. The article examines the case for the institutionalization of nonprofit management education within the Irish societal context. Drawing on relevant literature and profiling the evolution of thinking on this subject within one education center, the article develops a case for state investment in institutionalization. The article concludes with a series of observations on the requirements for and implications of case development.

This qualitative study explores the deinstitutionalization of peacebuilding in Ireland and how the core population of peacebuilding organizations are responding. We document organizational responses to the understudied phenomenon of deinstitutionalization—the weakening and dissipating of an institutionalized set of practices and beliefs. We rigorously map the field and population under study, illustrating the challenge and necessity of delineating a field of actors involved in a complex social process. This research contributes to understanding deinstitutionalization in two ways. First, we illustrate how organizations both adapt to and resist the challenge of deinstitutionalization. Second, organizations can act as custodians of outgoing traditions, turning to their communities and engaging in defensive institutional work, which seems to enhance their organizational survival.

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the applicability of the complexity-based temporary innovation system (TIS) framework to social innovation and examine the extent to which "nature-based solution" (NBS) projects may be understood through a TIS lens. It is proposed that TIS provides a framework to facilitate multi-actor engagement in social innovation responses to the complexity of wicked problems? The goal is to explore if TIS provides a useful framework for understanding the evolution of social innovation projects and enabling more consciously designed and facilitated social innovation with the potential for large-scale, long-term impact.


Design/methodology/approach
The research uses a case study methodology in which 10 NBS projects in 3 European cities are examined and compared to the expected features of a TIS as proposed by anonymised for the review process (2018; 2019)


Findings
Of the 10 NBS projects, only 3 were "TIS-like", each of which was targeting wicked problems in the city/community. As only one of the remaining 7 projects was aimed at a wicked problem, the authors concluded that the TIS framework may be best suited to those social innovations that address one or more wicked problems and that NBS projects may not display this feature.


Research limitations/implications
The authors conclude with a reflection on theoretical insights arising from applying the TIS framework to NBS in particular, and social innovation generally – and proposes the next steps in developing the TIS framework in relation to social innovation.


Originality/value
This paper applies a new complexity framework to empirical data that have not been examined previously. This analysis contributes to the development of a new framework for designing and analysing complex social innovation initiatives and challenges existing theories presenting NBSs as addressing complex "wicked" problems.

An increase in the use of cocaine and crack in several parts of Europe has raised the question whether this trend is similar to that of the USA in the 1980s. However, research in the field of cocaine use in Europe has been only sporadic. Therefore, a European multi-centre and multi-modal project was designed to study specific aspects of cocaine and crack use in Europe, in order to develop guidelines for public health strategies. Data on prevalence rates were analysed for the general population and for specific subgroups. Despite large differences between countries in the prevalence of cocaine use in the general population, most countries show an increase in the last few years. The highest rate with a lifetime prevalence of 5.2% was found for the United Kingdom, although with a plateau effect around the year 2000. With regard to specific subgroups, three groups seem to show a higher prevalence than the general population: (1) youth, especially in the party scene; (2) socially marginalized groups, such as homeless and prostitutes or those found in open drug scenes; (3) opiate-dependent patients in maintenance treatment who additionally use cocaine. Specific strategies need to be developed to address problematic cocaine use in these subgroups.