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In Homestyle: House Members in their Districts (1978) Richard Fenno argued that members of Congress utilize different "home styles" when communicating with various segments of their constituency. These tailored, face-to-face interactions help build trust, are essential to the reelection effort, and shape member behavior once in office. In this paper, we reconfigure and extend Fenno's theory to help explain presidential (in)action in the digital age. By analyzing President Trump's daily press briefings and social media presence during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic, we argue that just as a representative's home style carries over into governance, the same can be said for a president in what we have called "presidential home styles." We find that the characteristics that made Trump a successful campaigner in the 2016 election are not conducive to effective governance, especially during a crisis.

Examines public opinion, political parties, & minimalist & participatory values concerning the US electoral process in the aftermath of the 2000 presidential election. Responses to reform measures of the Electoral College, media projections, & uniform poll closing are appraised. Election day reforms, like election day voter registration & uniform ballot standards, are assessed in light of perceptions by Republicans versus Democrats. Public opinion suggests that support for reform is affected by the minimalist/participatory debate. 4 Figures. L. Collins Leigh

Female candidates sometimes are discouraged from negative campaigning because they would risk voter backlash by defying gender stereotypes. In this experiment, a negative television campaign advertisement was manipulated to control for the candidate's gender, issue content, and the character traits emphasized in the narration. The female candidate's support was not diminished because of the attack upon her opponent. The findings show that in low-information contests, female candidates are assumed to be weaker on "male" issues. However, when the female candidate used a "male" issue as the basis of an attack upon her male opponent, she was judged more competent on the issue. This suggests that negative advertising could be an effective tool to neutralize the disadvantages caused by gender stereotypes.

Female candidates sometimes are discouraged from negative campaigning because they would risk voter backlash by defying gender stereotypes. In this experiment, a negative television campaign advertisement was manipulated to control for the candidate's gender, issue content, & the character traits emphasized in the narration. The female candidate's support was not diminished because of the attack upon her opponent. The findings show that in low-information contests, female candidates are assumed to be weaker on "male" issues. However, when the female candidate used a "male" issue as the basis of an attack upon her male opponent, she was judged more competent on the issue. This suggests that negative advertising could be an effective tool to neutralize the disadvantages caused by gender stereotypes. 6 Tables, 30 References. [Copyright 2003 Sage Publications, Inc.]

Intro -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- 1. Knowledge in Common -- 2. The Study Design -- 3. Five Issues, Three News Media -- 4. Making Sense of the News -- 5. Media Matter -- 6. Learning from the News -- 7. Constructing Meaning -- An Appendix on Method -- Notes -- References -- Index