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Understanding Leaders to Understand War: Review of Why Leaders Fight by Michael C. Horowitz, Allan C. Stam, and Cali M. Ellis (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2015, ISBN 9781107655676)
In: International politics reviews, Band 5, Heft 1, S. 32-34
ISSN: 2050-2990
Deceit on the Road to War: Presidents, Politics, and American Democracy. By John M. Scheussler. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2015. 192p. $27.95
In: Perspectives on politics, Band 14, Heft 3, S. 935-936
ISSN: 1541-0986
The Flipside of Flip-Flopping: Leader Inconsistency, Citizen Preferences, and the War in Iraq
In: Foreign policy analysis, S. orw006
ISSN: 1743-8594
The flipside of flip-flopping: leader inconsistency, citizen preferences, and the war in Iraq
In: Foreign policy analysis: a journal of the International Studies Association, Band 12, Heft 3, S. 237-257
ISSN: 1743-8586
World Affairs Online
The decider's dilemma: leader culpability, war outcomes, and domestic punishment
In: American political science review, Band 105, Heft 3, S. 457-477
ISSN: 0003-0554
World Affairs Online
The Decider's Dilemma: Leader Culpability, War Outcomes, and Domestic Punishment
In: American political science review, Band 105, Heft 3, S. 457-477
ISSN: 1537-5943
A leader's culpability for involving his state in a conflict affects both his war termination calculus and his domestic audience's willingness to punish him if he loses. I define a culpable leader as any leader who either presides over the beginning of a war, or comes to power midwar and shares a political connection with a culpable predecessor. Using a data set created specifically for this study, I find that culpable leaders are more likely than nonculpable ones to achieve favorable war outcomes. I also find that domestic audiences will be willing to punish culpable leaders who lose, yet spare nonculpable leaders who do the same. Taken together, my findings underscore the need to appreciate more fully the role individual leaders play in bringing their states to war.
War outcomes and leader tenure
In: World politics: a quarterly journal of international relations, Band 68, Heft 4, S. 577-607
ISSN: 1086-3338
A growing body of literature argues that war outcomes affect leaders' tenure in office. But disagreement persists over how domestic political institutions translate performance in war into leader accountability. Some scholars argue that the tenure of democratic leaders is most sensitive to war outcomes, while others posit that autocratic leaders are more likely to be punished or rewarded for the outcomes of conflicts. The authors argue that existing research fails to take into account two important factors: whether the leader is viewed as culpable for the country's entry into the conflict, and whether the country features domestic institutions that make the leader vulnerable to removal from office, which varies greatly across nondemocracies. After taking leaders' culpability and vulnerability into account, the authors show that the tenures of culpable, democratic leaders and culpable, vulnerable, nondemocratic leaders are sensitive to war outcomes. By contrast, the tenures of nondemocratic leaders who are less vulnerable to removal are not sensitive to war outcomes, regardless of their culpability. (World Politics / SWP)
World Affairs Online
Flip-Flops and High Heels: An Experimental Analysis of Elite Position Change and Gender on Wartime Public Support
In: International interactions: empirical and theoretical research in international relations, Band 40, Heft 1, S. 1-24
ISSN: 1547-7444
Flip-Flops and High Heels: An Experimental Analysis of Elite Position Change and Gender an Wartime Public Support
In: International interactions: empirical and theoretical research in international relations, Band 40, Heft 1, S. 1-24
ISSN: 0305-0629
Assessing the Dyadic Approach to Interstate Conflict Processes: A.k.a. "Dangerous" Dyad-Years
In: Conflict management and peace science: the official journal of the Peace Science Society (International), Band 22, Heft 1, S. 5-18
ISSN: 1549-9219
The "dyad" has become the analytical cornerstone of quantitative interstate conflict studies. Stuart Bremer, in no small part due to his "Dangerous Dyads" article, has been identified with the dyadic/dyad-year approach. We think this has come at the expense of his interest in "process models" of interstate conflict. Our examination of his writings on The Process of War indicate that multilateral conflict processes are most probably misspecified by a dyadic approach. We draw on examples such as alliance coalition formation, extended deterrence, economic sanctions, and especially war expansion, to elaborate upon and support our claim. We conclude our assessment of the dyadic/dyad-year approach by suggesting some areas for our colleagues to consider before adopting a dyadic approach in their own research.
The Face of the Problem: How Subordinates Shield Executives from Blame
In: Journal of experimental political science: JEPS, Band 9, Heft 3, S. 359-368
ISSN: 2052-2649
AbstractThough avoiding blame is often a goal of elected officials, there are relatively few empirical examinations of how citizens assign blame during controversies. We are particularly interested in how this process works when an executive has been caught in a lie. Using two survey experiments, we examine whether subordinates can shield executives when they act as the face of a crisis. We first leverage a real-life situation involving the family separation crisis at the US–Mexico border in 2018. Respondents who read that Donald Trump falsely claimed he could not end the practice of family separation disapprove of his dishonesty. Yet this cost disappears when Trump's then-Secretary of Homeland Security, Kirstjen Nielsen, is the primary official discussed in news stories. We then replicate these findings in a fictional scenario involving a city mayor, showing that the mayor is partially shielded from negative appraisals when the city manager lies on his behalf.
Making them pay: Using the norm of honesty to generate costs for political lies
In: Electoral studies: an international journal on voting and electoral systems and strategy, Band 69, S. 102250
ISSN: 1873-6890
Teflon Don or Politics as Usual? An Examination of Foreign Policy Flip-Flops in the Age of Trump
In: The journal of politics: JOP, Band 81, Heft 2, S. 757-766
ISSN: 1468-2508
War Outcomes and Leader Tenure
In: World politics: a quarterly journal of international relations, Band 68, Heft 4, S. 577-607
ISSN: 0043-8871