Statutory law and papal government in central Italy : The case of criminal justice in late 15th century Bologna. ; Législation statutaire et gouvernement pontifical en Italie centrale. : Le cas de l'administration de la justice criminelle à Bologne, deuxième moitié au XVe siècle
After the stipulation of the capitula of 1447, the government of Bologna turns into a collaboration between a local council, centered on the seigniory of the Bentivoglio family and the oligarchy supporting them, and a delegate of the papal sovereignty. The dissertation has the purpose of study in depth the nature of the relationship between the two souls of the "mixed" government ruling Bologna during second half of 15th century by the light of the study of criminal justice, which the capitula do not clearly regulate. The analysis of the legislative sources, starting from the statutory law of 1454, symbol of the mutual agreement between the town and the papacy, gives us the base to clarify the model of action of the podestà court at this time. The investigation of judicial sources and government acts allows us to determine the interferences of the political authorities in the judicial administration and the actual judicial practice. The consideration of the approach to political crimes contributes to elucidate the vision local ruling classes had of the shared governance with the papacy. The study so carried-out provides us the evidence of a mutation of the judicial system, becoming "hegemonic". The local domination uses this hegemonic system to strengthen her political position in front of the papal sovereignty. The limitation that this one imposes to the local domination gets clear only during domestic political crisis or foreign pressures: through these circumstances, the exploitation of the judicial system in a political way is inapplicable, as the legitimacy of these means clashes with the respect of sovereign prerogatives of the papal power. ; A la suite de la stipulation des capitula de 1447, Bologne assume une forme de gouvernement « mixte » basée sur la collaboration entre un conseil local, centré sur l'oligarchie associée à la para-seigneurie de la famille Bentivoglio, et un représentant de l'autorité pontificale, détentrice de la souveraineté sur la ville. La recherche vise à approfondir la nature du ...