Suchergebnisse

This paper presents a comparative analysis structure and frequency of discourse markers in two kinds of oral narratives: objective, emotionally neutral ones on the one side, and highly emotional, spontaneous ones on the other. The results prove that emotionality plays a crucial role in the structuring of oral narratives as well as in the type of discourse markers employed in them. Objective oral narratives show a higher number of discourse markers, whereas highly emotional ones present a higher variety of discourse markers, as well as a higher frequency of other pragmatic markers, in order to guide the listener through the multiplicity of side stories and the broken structure they show. In short, this work highlights the relationship between linguistic activity (language in context or use) and linguistic form.

The presence of the addressee and the image created by the use of explicit appellative markers are key elements in political discourse. In this regard, second person forms play a very important role as they often reinforce confrontation and contribute to creating the image of the political and discursive adversary, and hence that of the addressor as an alternative to him or her. This article focuses on the face-to-face debate between Rajoy and Rubalcaba prior to the 2011 election. It examines how the second-person pronouns 'usted'/'ustedes' and the vocatives 'señor' + surname 'Mr. + surname' do neither express politeness nor mitigate threatening acts, as it is the case in cooperative genres. On the contrary, they convey the attack and confrontation in this agonistic genre. The markers analyzed are frequent and significant in the debate as they strengthen the dialectical and argumentative nature of the utterances in which they appear. The results of this research are compared with previous studies of Spanish electoral debates. The comparison reveals that the number of second person markers has increased significantly on this occasion, which indicates that the confrontation is stronger. It also shows that the candidate of the party in government, Pérez Rubalcaba, exhibits a discourse behavior that typically characterizes someone leading the opposition. ; La presencia del interlocutor y la imagen que de él contribuye a forjar el emisor a través de marcas lingüísticas explícitas constituyen elementos clave del discurso político. En este sentido, las formas apelativas de segunda persona desempeñan un papel muy relevante, ya que a menudo refuerzan el enfrentamiento y participan en la creación de la imagen del adversario político y discursivo, y por extensión en la del emisor como contrapartida de este. A partir del debate electoral cara a cara entre Rajoy y Rubalcaba previo a las elecciones de 2011, en este artículo analizamos cómo los pronombres de segunda persona 'usted'/'ustedes' y los vocativos 'señor' + apellido, lejos de manifestar cortesía y utilizarse para atenuar actos amenazadores, como ocurre en géneros cooperativos, se convierten en elementos que vehiculan el ataque y la confrontación en un género no cooperativo. Así, las marcas estudiadas resultan frecuentes y significativas en el debate en la medida en que contribuyen a reforzar el carácter dialéctico y argumentativo de los enunciados en los que aparecen. Los resultados de este debate se comparan con estudios previos de otros debates entre candidatos a la presidencia de España, y ello permite observar que en esta ocasión ha aumentado el número de marcas de segunda persona, lo que indica que la confrontación es muy fuerte. Asimismo, muestra que el candidato del partido en el gobierno, Pérez Rubalcaba, tiene un comportamiento discursivo más propio de quien lidera la oposición.