Suchergebnisse

Ce texte propose une réflexion sur les pratiques politiques, culturelles et éducationnelles liées aux narrations de soi et aux récits (auto)biographiques. Cette réflexion repose sur la prise en considération de composantes liées à différentes aires et époques de la culture occidentale, telles que l'antiquité grecque (période présocratique, idéalisme platonicien et socratique, réalisme aristotélicien), le christianisme (catéchistique médiévale), la modernité capitaliste depuis ses origines, jusqu'à notre moment contemporain et aux alternatives qu'il ouvre, liées à la question de la durabilité de l'humain.

Cunha, J., & Cabral, P. (2019). Carbon sequestration scenarios in Continental Portugal: Which way to go forward?. 315. Abstract from 15th European Ecological Federation (EEF) Congress and 18th National SPECO Meeting, Lisboa, Portugal. ; Carbon sequestration is a climate regulation Ecosystem Service (ES) from which ecological functions and human wellbeing depend on. Aiming the carbon dioxide (CO2) mitigation, the Portuguese government created plans and strategies to accomplish the 2030 national environmental goals under international directives. Some of these impact Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) management and ES production levels. This project evaluates the impact of LULC changes on carbon sequestration using scenarios for year 2030. The methodology for the evaluation combine geographical information systems (GIS) and InVEST tool, once they produce very effictive results in this approach. The intervention scenarios in the High case scenario show that policies effect over climate regulation produces more 8% of carbon sequestration than current policies, while the Low case scenario produces more 1%. In the Business-as-Usual approach, results indicate that current policies increase carbon sequestration in 5%. However, according to LULC tradeoffs, current policies cause a loss of carbon sequestration in the territory, while the intervention scenarios causes no losses. We contribute with a methodology to use the Portuguese land cover maps (Carta de Ocupação do Solo) to monitor carbon sequestration in Portugal. Additionally, we provide a case study which reflects how different policy options may impact the climate regulation. ; authorsversion ; published

According to Cohen and Franco (2013), the evaluation of social projects focuses on the simplification of political decisions. The process of rationality of the public policies necessarily involves the measurement of the results of the actions carried out in the face of what was proposed. Programs and projects should be put into practice in combination with concrete actions, and an assessment of the achievement of the intended objectives is required. The present proposal seeks to obtain a prior diagnosis of the investments made by Suframa, making it possible to reduce risks inherent in the presentation phase of the project proposal to subsidize the decision as to its viability. The construction of the diagnosis will consider the socioeconomic data of the community involved, the identification of the project partners, the definition of the proposed objectives, the resources available, the cost structure and the business model for the project's sustainability. In addition to establishing necessary goals to achieve the objectives. The diagnosis should predict the structured processes for the implementation and operation of the enterprise and estimate the resources (material, human, financial and institutional) to guarantee the execution of the physical goals and the achievement of the proposed objectives (IPEA, ...

Dissertation presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Geographic Information Systems and Science ; Among the main goals for the climate change, defined in the International protocols, are: i) to maintain of the global average rise of the temperature bellow 2º C, and ii) to reduce the Greenhouse Gases (GHG). The carbon dioxide (CO2) is the biggest responsible for GHG effect. Aiming at mitigating the CO2 emissions, the Portuguese government, under the international directives, has created plans and strategies. Some of this plans and strategies directly impact the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) Management and they also directly influence the Ecosystems Services (ES) regardless of their nature. Carbon sequestration and storage for the LULC constitutes one of the ES and it brings important benefits for the accomplishment of the 2030 national goals, at an environmental level. Against this background, this project intends to evaluate the LULC management over carbon sequestration and storage performance, in a future perspective, using scenarios approaches combined with GIS tools. The intervention scenarios in the High case scenario show that policies effect over the ES produces 8% more than current policies and the Low case scenario produces 1%. The Business-as-Usual approach results indicate that the current policies performance over a future perspective may be responsible for the production of 5%. However, according the LULC trade-offs, current policies may reveal a loss of carbon sequestration and storage capacity over the territory, while in the intervention scenarios there is no loss evidence. This analysis allows us to conclude that the policies improvement may create conditions for a suitable LULC management, particularly in the carbon sequestration and storage, rather than the current framework of the policies. ; Nos Protocolos internacionais encontram-se definidos os objetivos para o combate às alterações climáticas. Entre eles estão a manutenção do aumento da temperatura média anual abaixo dos 2º C e a redução da emissão dos gases de efeito estufa. O dióxido de carbono (CO2) é o principal gás responsável pelo efeito estufa. Por esse motivo, Portugal criou um conjunto de planos e estratégias, visando a mitigação das emissões de CO2. Alguns destes planos e estratégias, têm um impacto direto na Gestão do uso e ocupação do solo, influenciando, ainda, os serviços de ecossistemas, independente da sua natureza. O sequestro e armazenamento de carbono constituem um desses serviços, cujos benefícios se repercutem no cumprimento das metas nacionais para 2030 em matéria ambiental. Neste contexto, este projeto tem como objetivo a avaliação das políticas de gestão do uso e ocupação do solo no desempenho futuro do sequestro e armazenamento de carbono, com recurso a abordagem de cenários e à sua combinação com ferramentas SIG. Os dados obtidos mostram que os cenários de intervenção no cenário Alto apresentam resultados que compravam a eficiência e a eficácia na implementação de políticas na produção dos serviços de ecossistemas, com resultados de 8%, situando-se, assim, acima daquilo que é produzido atualmente. Já o cenário Baixo indica que uma implementação não tão eficaz conduzem a resultados de 1%. Por sua vez, uma análise corrente mostra que os impactos das políticas em vigor, numa perspetiva futura, poderiam conduzir a um incremento de 5% na produção dos serviços e ecossistema. Desta forma, é possível concluir que, mesmo no pior cenário, as implementações de políticas criam condições mais apropriadas do que as políticas em vigor no desempenho dos serviços de ecossistema, particularmente no que diz respeito ao sequestro e armazenamento de carbono.

JEL Classification: G32, L33 ; Portugal's deficit economy during several years and the high levels of Public Debt culminated with the need of an External Financial Assistance Program. Regarding this program a privatization plan of several state-owned companies was developed, in which TAP Group was included. The main activity of TAP Group is air passenger and cargo transport. It also provides services to third party customers in areas related to the Group's core activities, such as Maintenance and Engineering services. The Letter of Intent sent by Portuguese Government to International Monetary Fund (IMF), concerning the Portugal's Financial Assistance Program, and the State Budget for 2015 refer the need to restart the process of TAP privatization. On November 13th of 2014, the Council of Ministers approved the re-privatization process of TAP. Consequently, in order to sell TAP Group at its fair value, it is essential to perform a financial corporate valuation. This way, in the next pages, it will be developed a valuation of TAP, using three corporate valuation methods: Multiples (or Relative) Analysis, Discounted Cash Flow method, using the Free Cash Flow for the Firm approach and the Free Cash Flow for the Equity approach, and a valuation method used to valuing firms with regular negative earnings, which is the case of TAP Group. Considering the negative TAP's fair value estimated in all methods, Portuguese Government should simply transfer its capital and inherent obligations to the investors. However, TAP is valuable if it becomes more efficient, which is expected to occur in a privatization process. ; Portugal perante uma situação de endividamento excessivo e de uma economia deficitária que perdurava há vários anos, solicitou um pedido de ajuda financeira externa. Neste pedido de ajuda externa foi estabelecido um programa de alienação de participações do Estado em empresas nacionais, sendo a TAP uma dessas empresas. O Grupo TAP tem como principal atividade o transporte aéreo de passageiros e de carga, bem como um conjunto de serviços prestados a entidades terceiras em áreas ligadas aos negócios principais do Grupo. Em novembro de 2014, foi deliberado em Conselho de Ministros o relançamento do processo de privatização do Grupo TAP. De modo a que o Grupo TAP seja vendido pelo seu justo valor, é imprescindível realizar uma avaliação económico-financeira. Nas próximas páginas será realizada uma avaliação ao Grupo, utilizando três métodos: análise pelos Múltiplos, o método dos Fluxos de Caixa Descontados, quer na ótica dos Fluxos de Caixa Livres para a Empresa, quer na ótica dos Fluxos de Caixa Livres para os Acionistas, e, por último, um modelo de avaliação para empresas que apresentam sistematicamente resultados negativos, como é o caso da TAP. O justo valor estimado nos três métodos de avaliação para o Grupo TAP é negativo. Assim, o Governo não deverá registar um encaixe financeiro com a operação, cedendo apenas aos investidores a sua posição no capital social e as respetivas obrigações do Grupo. Contudo, o Governo deve ter em conta que a TAP tem valor ao tornar-se uma empresa mais eficiente, algo que é expectável numa privatização.

Due to the increasing concern with sustainable development, renewable energy sources (RES) emerge as an important alternative for electricity production. In this context, for countries like Portugal, hydropower plants assume an important role and several incentives have been granted by the government to promote hydroelectric production. However, due to the deep economic and financial crisis of the last years, a change in the energy paradigm is taking place increasing the perceived risk factors for RES electricity producers. Therefore, this paper focus on identifying and assessing the impact of those risks associated with an investment in a small hydropower (SHP). Although the independent analysis of each risk variable showed that the project is worthwhile, the possibility of having a negative outcome was evident for the investment costs, discount rate and feed-in-tariffs variables. On the other hand, the results of the combined analysis are much less optimistic demonstrating that even under regulated tariffs the probability of having a negative NPV largely surpasses the probability of obtaining a positive ...

The need for the inclusion of sustainable development issues in regulatory decision making highlights the importance to expand or modify traditional regulation models frequently used in some segments of the energy sector. These models have indeed been criticised on grounds of their emphasis on cost and financial efficiency. Aspects like the security of supply and climate change are major concerns of policy makers and must be properly assessed and integrated in the regulatory environment. The European Energy Regulators are already aware of the need to expand traditional regulation, beyond pure financial analysis. However, the sustainability concept is still strongly related to the environmental dimension alone and with the internalization of these externalities on the cost functions to be used. This paper presents a comparative study of different regulatory models in three European countries (UK, Portugal and Spain), focusing on the inclusion of sustainable development concerns on these models. This review indicates that regulatory authorities recognize the importance of the integration of the social and environmental dimension along with the economic one, but the formal design of such an integrated model is still emerging. ; This work was financed by: the QREN – Operational Programme for Competitiveness Factors, the European Union – European Regional Development Fund and National Funds- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology, under Project FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-011377 and Project ...

ABSTRACT Purpose: How to evaluate the social impact of social innovation has emerged as an important question posed by academics, organizations, and policymakers in recent years. One reason for this is the increasing concern with the social impact of different types of organizations and social practices, particularly in response to a recognition of the urgency of developing more inclusive economies and societies. To find an answer to this question, this research seeks to investigate the state-of-the-art in terms of social innovation impact measurement, drawing on both scientific literature and practitioner literature. Originality/value: This research discusses the challenges posed by measuring the impact of social innovation initiatives and how these measurements may change the assessment process. The analysis finds that methodologies for measuring social innovation have mainly been undertaken in Europe, where these initiatives are largely addressed. Design/methodology/approach: This paper adopted a qualitative research approach based on the scoping review method. This method is widely used to identify emergent topics in scientific literature, aiming to identify implications for research and decision-making. The research was developed based on different steps to obtain information about the social impact measurement indicators and their overall contribution to the advancement of social innovation. Findings: The results also confirmed the lack of social innovation frameworks, methodologies, and tools capable of measuring the social impact of social innovations. Furthermore, a set of barriers in this field was identified, which can be used to channel better upcoming academic research on developing social impact indicators for social innovation.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This paper reviews extant research related to the impact assessment of social innovation and identifies several barriers to this assessment. Following this is a proposal of interventions to overcome these barriers. Originality/value: Social innovation has played an essential role in enhancing positive changes for society. Nonetheless, measuring its impact is a very significant challenge due to the many barriers faced in selecting metrics that fit its definition and goal. Recognizing these challenges, the main contribution of this paper was to identify the most common barriers and to suggest how these barriers can be overcome. Design/methodology/approach: Two approaches were considered in this research. On the one hand, a bottom-up approach was applied to review relevant literature related to impact metrics for social innovation and good practices toward social innovation impact assessment. On the other hand, we used a top-down approach through collecting and analyzing research projects related to identifying metrics of social innovation impact, broadly disseminated and well-consolidated in the current literature. Findings: This research offers valuable insights to academic researchers, policy decision-makers, and practitioners working in the field of social innovation by identifying and classifying the main barriers faced to measuring the impact of social innovation, namely lack of stakeholder awareness in the field of social innovation, difficulties in selecting the metrics to assess social innovation, problems in selecting criteria to identify best-fitted indicators to social innovation, lack of beneficiaries engagement, lack of financial and public support, and lack of consensus in the social innovation definition.

Social economy has been a prominent topic among scholars, politicians, and practitioners. Social economy organizations are mission-driven with the purpose of creating social value, overcoming a social problem, and contributing to attain sustainable social development. In this chapter, a particular weakness underlying those organizations is addressed: lack of managerial skills and the importance of a well-structured process of strategic management and organizational innovation. Based on the analysis of a Portuguese case study, the goal is to increase the knowledge on the facilitating factors and barriers to the improvement of the quality of service and the efficiency of the management of a social economy organization, in order to understand how it creates and delivers social value and ensures its future sustainability. The findings highlight a number of best practices in the design of a structured innovation process which were supported by the Portuguese program Q3-qualifying the third sector, which may help similar organizations to improve their innovation and organizational ...