Symulacyjne badanie wykorzystania entropii do badania jakości klasyfikacji
In: Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, Heft 384
ISSN: 2392-0041
6 Ergebnisse
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In: Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu, Heft 384
ISSN: 2392-0041
In: Dynamic econometric models, Band 13, Heft 0, S. 145
ISSN: 2450-7067
In: Wiadomości statystyczne / Glówny Urza̜d Statystyczny, Polskie Towarzystwo Statystyczne: czasopismo Głównego Urze̜du Statystycznego i Polskiego Towarzystwa = The Polish statistician, Band 66, Heft 4, S. 7-24
ISSN: 2543-8476
The shadow economy, as an interdisciplinary phenomenon, generates many controversies and difficulties for researchers. Economic entities operating within the non-observed (hidden) economy strive to escape official records, therefore a direct estimation of the extent of the phenomenon remains unobtainable. The aim of this article is to present the results of the estimation of the size of the shadow economy in Poland on the basis of the differences between GDP calculated according to the 'production' and the 'expenditure' approaches. The authors propose an original technique based on the idea of residual methods. In the course of the study, two models describing the dependencies between the growth of GDP and the growth of indicators used in the in the above-mentioned approaches to GDP calculation were established. The identified differences between the value of this measure calculated according to the production and expenditure approaches were used for the estimation of the size of the shadow economy in Poland, presented as a share in GDP. The analysis was carried out on the basis of panel data reflecting the values of selected macroeconomic indicators measured on the voivodship scale in the years 2000–2017, drawn from the Local Data Bank of Statistics Poland. The obtained results resemble to a large extent the estimates of the shadow economy by Statistics Poland and EY, and also partly that by United Nations Global Compact. The analysis presented in the paper is part of the research conducted by the Centre for Non-Observed Economy Srudies (OGN) at the Statistical Office in Kielce, whose aim is to improve the methodology currently used by official statistics in Poland.
In: Emerging markets, finance and trade: EMFT, Band 57, Heft 13, S. 3604-3633
ISSN: 1558-0938
SSRN
Working paper
In: Emerging markets, finance and trade: EMFT, Band 55, Heft 9, S. 2039-2056
ISSN: 1558-0938