Suchergebnisse

Abstract
On some fundamental level, we can think of scholars as actors possessing, or controlling, various types of resources. Collaboration in science is understood here as a process of pooling and exchanging such resources. We show how diversity of resources engaged in scientific collaboration is related to the structure of collaboration networks. We demonstrate that scholars within their personal networks simultaneously (1) diversify resources in collaboration ties surrounded by structural holes and (2) specialize resources in collaboration ties embedded in dense collaboration groups. These complementary mechanisms decrease individual efforts required to maintain effective collaborations in complex social settings. To this end, we develop a concept of "pairwise redundancy" capturing structural redundancy of ego's neighbors vis-à-vis each other.

INTRODUCTION: The publication deals with the description of selected aspect of young people's mentality, ie their systems of values. The research was conducted four times: in 2003 (325 respondents), in 2008 (379 respondents), in 2013 (368 respondents), and in 2018 (371 respondents) on students of the Bialystok universities. An attempt was made to establish if in the period of the fifteen years between the first survey and the last surveys one could observe changes in the mentality in the desired direction – from the point of view of political transformations – from "collectivism" to "individualism". The way of understanding values was adopted from Rokeach's theory. METHODS: The Rokeach Value Survey was used to study the system of values. RESULTS: The comparative analysis of the value preferences indices across all surveys (survey by survey) has not confirmed proposed hypothesis. It has been shown that the value system has changed towards individualism over fifteen years (when comparing surveys from year 2003 and 2018). Contradictory to the expectations, the most individualistic system of values was presented in survey group in 2008, and not in 2018. CONCLUSION: There was no increase in rates of preference for individualistic values "from study to study". The trajectories of changes in value systems turned out to be much more complex (and thus more difficult to describe).

Dominika Czerniawska,1 Mirosława Czerniawska,2 Joanna Szydło2 1Faculty of Science, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands; 2Faculty of Engineering Management, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, PolandCorrespondence: Joanna Szydło Email j.szydlo@pb.edu.pl; joannaszydlo81@gmail.comIntroduction: The publication deals with the description of selected aspect of young people's mentality, ie their systems of values. The research was conducted four times: in 2003 (325 respondents), in 2008 (379 respondents), in 2013 (368 respondents), and in 2018 (371 respondents) on students of the Bialystok universities. An attempt was made to establish if in the period of the fifteen years between the first survey and the last surveys one could observe changes in the mentality in the desired direction – from the point of view of political transformations – from "collectivism†to "individualismâ€. The way of understanding values was adopted from Rokeach's theory.Methods: The Rokeach Value Survey was used to study the system of values.Results: The comparative analysis of the value preferences indices across all surveys (survey by survey) has not confirmed proposed hypothesis. It has been shown that the value system has changed towards individualism over fifteen years (when comparing surveys from year 2003 and 2018). Contradictory to the expectations, the most individualistic system of values was presented in survey group in 2008, and not in 2018.Conclusion: There was no increase in rates of preference for individualistic values "from study to studyâ€. The trajectories of changes in value systems turned out to be much more complex (and thus more difficult to describe).Keywords: values of youths, Rokeach's value theory, collectivism-individualism, political transformations

Abstract
In order to understand scientists' incentives to form collaborative relations, we have conducted a study looking into academically relevant resources, which scientists contribute into collaborations with others. The data we describe in this paper are an egocentric dataset assembled by coding originally qualitative material. It is 40 multiplex ego networks containing data on individual attributes (such as gender, scientific degree), collaboration ties (including alter–alter ties), and resource flows. Resources are coded using a developed inventory of 25 types of academically relevant resources egos and alters contribute into their collaborations. We share the data with the research community with the hopes of enriching knowledge and tools for studying sociological and behavioral aspects of science as a social process.

Abstract
In order to understand scientists' incentives to form collaborative relations, we have conducted a study looking into academically relevant resources, which scientists contribute into collaborations with others. The data we describe in this paper are an egocentric dataset assembled by coding originally qualitative material. It is 40 multiplex ego networks containing data on individual attributes (such as gender, scientific degree), collaboration ties (including alter–alter ties), and resource flows. Resources are coded using a developed inventory of 25 types of academically relevant resources egos and alters contribute into their collaborations. We share the data with the research community with the hopes of enriching knowledge and tools for studying sociological and behavioral aspects of science as a social process.